Annals of Cleveland

South

Abstracts: 79

252

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 January 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

252 - L. Jan. 23; ed: 2/1, 2 The Rebel Generals Hardee, Stevenson,
Cheatham, and Breckenridge appealed to Jeff Davis and the Rebel Congress,
beseeching them to establish a military dictatorship. -
"Will some of our Northern Copperhead sympathizers tell us what has
become of States Rights in the kingdom of the Arch Rebel? Will they
please inform the people why they do not condemn the centralizing influ-
ence of the Confederate Government, when Rebel Generals propose such
things as we have mentioned here, for those struggling wretches in the
South?" (10)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Breckenridge, Gen. John C.; Cheatham, Gen.; Confederacy; Davis, Jeff; Hardes, Gen.; South; Stevenson, Gen.

254

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 January 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

254 - L Jan. 27; ed: 2/1, 2 - Governor Letcher, who defended the Rebellion,
has subsided into private life and William Smith has been inaugurated.
Governor Smith's inaugural efforts were chiefly devoted to the old stale
fallacies about state rights which have been the bane and destruction of
the South. He claims that from the day of the Constitution to the day of
the Rebellion the South always made concessions to the North.
"He is a cunning Governor and when affairs are so gloomy, he does well
to talk about State rights. Why, Governor Smith, do you not deal with
practical questions of the day?" (8)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Letcher, Gov.; Smith William (Gov. of Virginia); South

256

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 February 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

256 - L. Feb. 11; ed: 2/3 - General Grant says that the non-slaveholders of
the South, small farmers cultivating their own lands, never did unite in
the Rebellion. "Democrats! hear General Grant, and be convinced that
your brethren of the humbler middle class at the South are Unionists to-
day, and have always been at heart true to the Old Flag." (3)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Gantt, General; South

264

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 September 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

264 - L. Sept. 20; ed:2/2 - News from Southern papers indicates that the
South is making a desperate effort to be cheerful, and to bolster up the
courage of the people. The movement in Georgia is causing much alarm.
The Richmond blusterers expect some foul play from Governor Brown on the
Confederacy. "Notwithstanding all their fury, it is evident that they
are beginning to distrust their own people." (3)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Brown, Governor (Georgia); Confederacy; Georgia; Richmond Va.; South

267

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 October 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

267 - L. Oct. 14; ed: 2/3 - The proposed arming of slaves by Rebels is the
last ditch to which Union men are anxious to see the Rebels driven.
In the event Lincoln is reelected, the new war policy will no doubt
be adopted in the South, unless they decide to yield to an inevitable
fatality.
"Put arms into the hands of 100,000 slaves and we should see where
their sympathy lies. It would soon be discovered whether such a thing
is possible as their fighting to enslave their mothers, sisters, wives,
children, fathers and sons. We should have a fine accession to the
strength of the Union cause in such a desperate policy." (3)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Confederacy; Lincoln, Abraham; South; Union

268

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 October 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

268 - L. Oct. 24; ed: 2/1 - Public sentiment in the South for arming slaves
is becoming very strong. This effort is a confession of inability to
succeed with their white population. "The chivalry that have robbed the
cradle and the grave to accomplish their wicked ends, now reach out their
hands asking aid of these people whom they have regarded as nothing but
inferior animals. Now they admit that they will Inake good soldiers,
and indulge the hope that the slaves, with promise of freedom, will
fight bravely for men who have made cattle of them and their children."
(8)

Confederacy

Index terms:

South

269

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 November 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

269 - L. Nov. 1; ed: 2/1 - In a recent speech made by Davis at Columbia,
S. C., he refers to the people as "spaniels" and declares the only way
to keep them civil is to whip them.
"It may be well enough for Davis to talk about 'spaniels," but the
day is not far distant when the people of the South will recognize our
army as their deliverer from a worse fate than Egyptian darkness and
bondage." (6)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Columbia, S. C.; Davis, Jeff; South

271

Cleveland Morning Leader, 4 November 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

271 - L. Nov. 4; ed: 2/1 - It is officially announced in Southern papers
that the Rebels intend arming 300,000 slaves in the spring, giving them
their freedom and 50 acres of land for their services.
"The Negroes of the South have understood from the beginning that,
practically, the North is fighting the battle of their freedom, and it
would not be astonishing if the result of this new desperation of the
Rebellion should only serve to hasten both the overthrow of the Rebellion
and the restoration of the Union." (13)

Confederacy

Index terms:

North; South; Union

272

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 November 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

272 - L Nov. 9; ed: 2/1 - The New York NEWS has undertaken the defense
of the recent movement in the Scuth of arming the slaves. With hypo-
critical anxiety for the welfare of our armies, it asks in feigned
horror: "Unable now to do much more than hold our own against the white
troops of the South, how can we expect to do so when they shall be re-
enforced by four or five hundred thousand able-bodied Negroes."
"The truth is, there has never been a lou er wail of despair than
this new movement to arm the slaves, recommended by the Rebel Governors
and advocated by the Rebel press. It is an a mission that having ex-
hausted all white soldiers, there is no hope for them unless they can
manage to compel the slaves into their support.
"Let this last movement in the hideous catalogue of crimes, perpe-
trated by the Rebellion only, be carried out, slavery will cease, and
the strength and motive of the Rebellion be gone." (14)

Confederacy

Index terms:

New York city; New York NEWS, The; South

273

Cleveland Morning Leader, 12 November 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

273 - L Nov. 12; ed: 2/1 - From editorials written in Southern newspapers
it would seem that there is a party forming in the South which is be-
ginning to think of some method of obtaining peace without further blocq-
shed. "The reconstruction movement of the South promises to be very
important, and one that will be greatly accelerated by the reelection
of Abraham Lincoln." (11)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; South

277

Cleveland Morning Leader, 17 November 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

277 - L Nov. 17; ed: 2/1 - Governor Brown of Georgia is between two fires
and doesn't know how to escape. He hates Davis and Lincoln. He insists
upon the independence of the South and yet he exhorts Georgia soldiers
never to lay down their arms until the despotism of Richmond has recog-
nized the "individual sovereignty of their own State." "We look with
confidence, therefore, to the day when Governor Brown, and men of his
type, will become active in their efforts to restore the Union in more
than its original power - a Union cemented forever by the blood of tens
of thousands of the young men of every State. The duty of the Govern-
ment is to divide the South, and hasten the day of its redemption from
the darkest crimes in history." (13)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Brown, Governor (Georgia); Davis, Jeff; Georgia; Lincoln, Abraham; Richmond Va.; South

279

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 December 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

279 - L. Dec. 3; ed:2/2 - By clever management during the early stages
of the war, Davis managed to create the impression that the South was
united on the subject of continuing the war, and that the people of the
South were "welded together in fiery heat of devotion for the Confeder-
acy." "The deceptions practiced are being exposed, and it is growing
more apparent from day to day. The hollow shell of Rebellion must soon
give way and then will be seen how great a delusion is the talk of Rebel
unanimity." (10)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Confederacy; Davis, Jeff; South

282

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 December 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

282 - L Dec. 26; ed:2/2 - The results of the recent military operations
in the South have revived discussion of Negro conscription.
"To this humiliation are Southern nabobs at last brought. In the
earlier stages of the war they would have been stung into furious wrath
had they been told that they must finally rely upon the Negro. Now when
ruin gapes at them, they cry piteously for the black man, laboring under
the delusion that the Negro will delight to fight for the enslaver of
his wife and children." (5)

Confederacy

Index terms:

South

284

Cleveland Morning Leader, 29 December 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

284 - L Dec. 29; ed: 2/1 - With the idea of a military dictator for the
South, "whatever the consequences may be, it cannot be doubted that the
fortunes of the Rebel government are drifting toward this new condition
and when it reaches it, important consequences must ensue." - (6)

Confederacy

Index terms:

South

636

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 September 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

636 - L. Sept. 1; ed:2/1 - The proposition by the Chicago convention, of
an armistice could only result in the independence of the South. The
last thing which a spirited man will do is to make a confession of having
done wrong, when he has not done so. It is humiliating to manhood and
a dangerous thing for one to ask of another. "It is none the less in-
sulting to ask of the proud and prosperous people of the North, to con-
sent to self abasement before a bitter foe, the enormity of whose crimes
are piled high before God." (14)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

North; South

645

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 September 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

645 - L. Sept. 9; ed: 2/2 - The final and last hope of the Rebels is to
have such a cessation of hostilities as the Democracy proposes, - that
of a convention of the States.
"It is therefore evident to every loyal man that in the re-election
of Lincoln, we have a safe guarantee of the speedy close of the war,
and his re-election will prove that the only alternative left to the
South, is to give up a hopeless struggle." (4)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

South

665

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 September 1864 (ed; 19 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

665 - L. Sept. 20; ed: 2/2 - "The Democracy defiantly shakes McClellan's
letter of acceptance, as an Indian does his war club, when the Peace-
at-any-price Platform is referred to. He has sworn to maintain the
Union, a sentiment which is very becoming for the 'Little Mackerals'
but the value of which is destroyed by the class of men who surround
him, and who would govern him in case he is elected."
"Pendleton and McClellan are not pulling together as can be seen
from Pendleton's statement concerning McClellan's order for the arrest
of the legislature of Maryland, which he terms 'the greatest invasion
of State Sovereignty that has taken place.' They also do not agree
upon the subject of drafting, etc.
"Nothing but a base surrender of the South could result in McCellan's
being surrounded by such advisers as Pendleton, Woods, and Seymour." (19)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

McClellan, George B.; Maryland; Pendleton, George H. (Cincinnati); Seymour, Horatio; South; Woods, Ben

670

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 September 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

670 - L. Sept. 24; ed:2/1 - With General Fremont's resignation, the arena
of politics is now occupied by two individuals, Lincoln and McClellan.
Fremont declares that the reason Lincoln did not keep the North united
is because he did not smite slavery as frequently and powerfully as
Fremont thinks he might have done.
"Lincoln's Administration has been a success by reason of that care-
ful policy which he has pursued, and by which slavery will become a dead
thing never to be revitalized in the South." (11)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Fremont, General John C.; McClellan, George B.; North; South

688

Cleveland Morning Leader, 25 October 1864 (ed; 18 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

688 - L. Oct. 25; ed: 2/1 - In two weeks the people of these states will
decide between peace and war. Every indication signifies that war shall
continue until the armed Rebellion is crushed. The Democratic leaders
are planning on laying a trap to catch the unwary and unthinking. All
the devices of politicians at the North and Rebels at the South will be
resorted to, to influence public opinion.
"No one need be deceived by these tricks. The Chicago platform wants
a convention with a view to restoration of the Union. Stevens, Boyce,
and Johnson favor a convention between equal powers, but do not mention
restoration of the Union.
"By acknowledging independence of the South, we justify England and
France in similar recognition, sure to follow such an act on the part of
the North. We justify them in breaking the blockade, we barter away
our nationality, and we consent to a broken, dismembered Union. If we
wish to avert these evils, we must stand by the Union. The people are not
silly gudgeons thus to be caught." (18)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Boyce (delegate Chicago convention); Chicago, Ill.; England; France; Johnson, Gov. Andrew (Tenn.); New York WORLD; North; South; Stevens; Union

690

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 October 1864 (16 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

690 - L Oct. 28:4/3 - The Union meeting held last night in Brainard's
hall was a most gratifying success. James Mason, Esq., presided. Col.
Edward F. Noyes of the 39th Ohio regiment was introduced as the first
speaker. He touched upon the origin of the war, and distinctly proved .
that the war was commenced long before Lincoln became President. He
proceeded to picture the desolation which the madness of the South had
brought about. His eulogy and defense of Lincoln was greeted with the
wildest enthusiasm and applause. - - -
J. H. Rhodes, Esq., closed the meeting with a very vigorous and
eloquent speech, and made a powerful appeal to the people to rally in
their might at the coming election. The influence of this meeting will
be felt at the polls by an increase in the Union majority of from 800 . .
to 1,500. -- (16)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Brainard's hall; Lincoln, Abraham; Mason, James; Nayes," Col. Edward F.; Rhodes, J. H.; South; Union; U. S. army

784

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 January 1864 (56 inches) ~ See original
p.3, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

784 - L Jan. 9:3/2, 3,4 - The great Northern Ohio Sanitary fair will open
in Cleveland on Feb. 22, and continue for two weeks. The proceeds from
this fair will be entrusted to the Soldiers' Aid society to carry on
its work. The fair will contain a ladies' bazaar, a refreshment hall,
a mechanics hall, a produce hall, a merchandise hall, a fine arts and
floral hall, a museum of relics and curiosities, and a grand audience
room for concerts, lectures, tableaux, etc. Donations will be sought
wherever things of usefulness may be found.
Following is a list of officers: Honorary Officers: His Excellency
Governor Brough, ex-Governor Tod, Mayor I. U. Masters, Maj. Gen. J. A.
Garfield, the Hon. S. P. Chase, and the Hon. B. F. Wade. - -
The executive committee consists of: T. P. Handy, chairman, H. M.
Chapin.
Mary C. Brayton, and Ellen F. Terry. secretaries. Seventeen more
officers. Twenty-one special committees have been appointed to attend
to every known phase of the fair. -
Word is coming every day from all parts of the country, especially
the South, thanking the local organization for their many kindnesses in
giving aid to soldiers at the front, and food and comfort to the wounded
and sick in the hospitals. (56)

Fairs and Expositions / Sanitary Fair

Index terms:

Brayton, Mary C.; Brough, Governor (Ohio); Chapin, H. M.; Chase, Salmon P.; Garfield, Maj. Gen. J. A.; Handy, T. P.; Masters, Mayor I. U.; Northern Ohio Sanitary fair; Soldiers Aid society; South; Terry, Ellen F.; Tod, David (ex-governor); Wade, Senator B. F.

941

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 November 1864 (ed; 15 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

941 - L. Nov. 5; ed:2/1 - It is becoming more evident that the followers
and sympathizing friends of Jeff Davis now in Canada are at work along
the northern frontier and are trying to bring about a state of border war-
fare between the United States and Canada. "These border raids may just-
ly be regarded as among the symptoms of those desperate paroxysms which
precede the utter dissolution of organized rebellion. We trust the Gov-
ernment will deal with them as it deals with rebellion in the South.
This is not a time for a hesitating or doubting policy." (15)

Foreign Relations / Border Raids

Index terms:

*Border Raids; Canada; Davis, Jeff; South

946

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 December 1864 (ed; 17 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

946 - H Dec. 27; ed: 2/2 - Our Canadian neighbors are shielding and
honoring Confederates who have fled from the South.
"We trust our government is wide awake to the wrongs we have suffer-
ed from Canada. There is no more excuse for our Canadian neighbors
than an individual who... secretes a criminal...." Canada, in this, plays
the fool as well as the knave... for she ought to know that once the
riot of war enters in her territory, she falls from the parent tree
like mellow fruit.... "Nations cannot let each other alone, for the
acts of individuals grow into national offenses. We hope, however,
that Canada is opening her eyes to the situation; and is coming to be of
better mind." (17)

Foreign Relations / Border Raids

Index terms:

Canada; Confederate Army; South

1027

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 October 1864 (3 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.5 ~ View at ChronAm

1027 - L. Oct. 26:4/5 - Members of the board of trade with other citi-
zens presented Captain McKay of the steamer CITY OF CLEVELAND with a
gold watch and chain, and to each of the three men of the crew who
volunteered their services to help rescue the crew of the WINSLOW, they
gave $26. The presentation took place in the cabin of the CITY OF
CLEVELAND. (3)

Heroism

Index terms:

CITY OF CLEVELAND (ship); Cleveland board of trade; McKay, Captain G.; South; WINSLOW (ship)

1035

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 July 1864 (79 inches) ~ See original
p.3, col.1,2,3,4 ~ View at ChronAm

1035 - H July 5:3/1-4 - The Fourth of July, 1864, will be remembered in
Cleveland as being one of the most noteworthy celebrations of the
national birthday ever held within its limits. The streets were crowded
with people. The stores, with but one or two exceptions, were rigidly
closed. The procession formed early in the morning. It was composed
of the city police, the Hecker band, and the various U. S. army di-
visions. It moved through the Square, where it broke up, to be followed
by a dinner in honor of the veterans. As soon as dinner was over, the
exercises opened. George Wiley gave an able oration on the differences
between the North and the South. He defended the Northern people's
stand against slavery, and urged continuance of the war until it is
wiped out. "It is in fact a war between a higher and lower grade of
civilization.... All the great interests of civilization are pledged
to the final triumph of the soldiers of this Republic," he said. The
oration was received with frequent bursts of applause. At its conclu-
sion, Colonel Sawyer of the 8th Ohio rose and thanked the orator.
Mayor Senter presided over the proceedings and introduced the speak-
ers. Letters from the governor of Ohio and Major General Heintzelman,
apologizing for not being able to attend, were received. (79)

Holidays

Index terms:

Hecker's band; Heintzelman, Major General; North; Sawyer, Colonel Frank; Senter, George B. (mayor); South; U. S. army; Wiley, George

1079

Cleveland Morning Leader, 7 January 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1079 - L Jan. 7; ed:2/1 - In a recent issue the New York NEWS says
that Ohio, the greatest abolition state, has more white citizens that can
neither read nor write their own name than the five southern states of
Arkansas, Florida, Texas, North Carolina, and Mississippi. As a matter
of fact, in Ohio's population of 1,955,050 whites, the number unable to
read or write is 61,030. The combined population of the five states men-
tioned is 933,707 whites, and 60,292 of them can neither read nor write.
"These facts establish a positive mis-statement of the case. An-
other fact is this: In the state of Ohio, the party which affects to be
Democratic, received four-fifths of all the votes cast by men unabie to
read or write.... When the Woods organ attempts another plea for barbarism
in the South, and defeat at home, let it be a little more honest and can-
did in its statements." (12)

Illiteracy

Index terms:

Arkansas; Florida; *Illiteracy; Mississippi; New York city; North Carolina; South; Texas

1082

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 April 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1082 - L Apr. 26; ed:2/1 - The scarcity of labor has created a necessity
for skilled artisans. Mr. Seward proposes an increase in the number of
vessels for conveying immigrants, with the adoption of a system enabling
immigrants to make the passage by use of credit, under obligation to repay
costs out of early avails of their labor, after arriving.
"Not only now but after the War, the broad acres of the West and
South will invite hundreds of thousands of skilled artisans of Europe.
Let Congress act wisely and immediately." (13)

Immigration and Emigration

Index terms:

Europe; Seward, William H.; South; U. S. Congress

1162

Cleveland Morning Leader, 29 November 1864 (ed; 17 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1162 - L Nov. 29; ed:2/1 - "It is flattering to our National vanity
and consoling in the midst of our many afflictions, to know that "Arts
of Peace' flourish as well as the arts of war. Such a thing as literary
lectures is no doubt unknown in the South, but in the North, industrial
and literary pursuits go on the same as ever. Of the horrors of war,
we scarcely know anything.
"We see no reason why lyseums and lectures cannot be introduced into
every town and village in the State. Another source of literary recrea-
tion is the newspaper. It is a shame for intelligent people to plead
poverty as excuse for not obtaining daily or weekly papers. A little
energy, a little public spirit, and the Arts of peace may flourish in your
midst, and minds and hearts be relieved of the terrible pressure which
brooding over this unhappy war is calculated to produce." (17)

Lectures and Speeches

Index terms:

North; South

1325

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 February 1864 (4 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1325 - L. Feb. 3:4/2 - Mrs. Gage's lecture at Brainard's hall was enjoyerl
by a large audience; particularly her vivid description of contraband life,
with which she is familiar through more than a year's experience in South .
Carolina. She showed how the long-looked-for redemption of the Negroes
in the South is to be achieved. - (4)

Negroes

Index terms:

Brainard's hall (Cont'd); Gage, Mrs. Francis D. (1ecturer); South; South Carolina

1413

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 October 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1413 - L Oct. 5; ed: 2/1 - "Nothing is more obvious than the support
given McClellan by the English Tory Press.... If there is a newspaper
in England whose prayer for years has been that the Union might be dis-
rupted, that one is the London HERALD, an ardent champion of McClellan....
"They approve an armistice and negotiations because they know that
under Democratic rule, in case of failure to restore the Union by nego-
tiation, the war never could or would be renewed, and the independence
of the South would be secured." (6)

Newspapers

Index terms:

England; London, England; London HERALD; McClellan, George B.; South; Union

1513

Cleveland Morning Leader, 7 September 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1513 - L. Sept. 7; ed:2/2 - The Cleveland WORLD says that the only difference
between Republican and Democratic parties is that the Republican party is
guided by a "moral sense." - . -
"It is true that the Union party has a 'moral sense' which the Democratic
has not, and unlike the Democratic party, when the South rebels against the
'moral sense' of the civilized world, and tries to destroy the fair fabric
of American civilization, the Union party believes that justice demands
that they shall suffer whatever injury their domestic institutions may in-
cur in progress of the war. The Union men of the North do not favor slavery
and in this respect, differ most decidedly from Democracy."" (5)

Political Parties

Index terms:

Cleveland WORLD (newspaper); Republican party; South; Union party

1547

Cleveland Morning Leader, 18 August 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.1, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1547 - L Aug. 18; ed: 1/2 - Rebels and Rebel sympathizers look upon the atti-
tude of the Democracy with approval, but American citizens in the army feel
that the attitude of the Democracy toward them is the chief cause of their
failure to overthrow the Rebellion. Leaders of the Democracy have opposed
taxation necessary to support their widows, mothers, and sisters. They also
opposed taxation necessary to maintain the currency and the pay of soldiers
in the field. They are 1,0w anxious to see what can be done to gain the
soldier's votes.
"The people intend to lift up their hands and prove to the world that
there is a might and power in their arms that is not to be overpowered by
Rebel hordes, North or South." (10)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

North; South; U. S. army

1563

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 September 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1563 - L. Sept. 19; ed:2/1 - August Belmont, chairman of the "Copperhead"
national executive committee of the Democratic party, is an Austrian
Jew, and a financial agent of the well-known house of Rothschild in
Europe, which holds Confederate bonds purchased for almost nothing.
This committee is endeavoring, through Belmont, to bring about a ces-
sation of hostilities based upon granting everything asked for by the
South. It wants the national government to assume the Confederate
debt, which will add much to the already fabulous wealth of that great
house by increasing the value of its bonds.
"The Rothschilds know that the re-election of Lincoln will result in
the suppression of the rebellion and the worthlessness of confederate
bonds. It remains to be seen what success these foreign Shylocks will
meet." (6)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Belmont, August; Confederacy; Europe; Lincoln, Abraham; Rothschilds (financiers); South

1564

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 September 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1564 - L. Sept. 22; ed: 2/1 - The pet phrase of Democratic orators and
newspapers is quite significant in one respect in that it ignores the
constitution. Heretofore, it has been a hobby with the opposition
that the constitution must be preserved, but it seems now that it is
not indispensable to them.
"This must be the result of an understanding made at Niagara Falls
by Copperheads, to the effect that the Montgomery Constitution should be
adopted, or a new one be made, better suited to the Democracy, North and
South." (4)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Niagara falls; North; South

1568

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 October 1864 (ed; 20 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1568 - L Oct. 14; ed: 2/1 - Anyone taking the trouble to compare the
theory expounded at Chicago and the theory that is being carried out by
the "rebels through the instrumentality of armed rebellion," will dis-
cover that the "doctrines avowed at Chicago are such as the rebels them-
selves have no trouble in affirming with gun and bayonet."
The Rebels and the "Copperheads" agree in their views on the way in
which the subject of exchanging prisoners was treated, and declare that
the government should abandon its black soldiers to whatever fate the
Rebels see fit to impose upon them. They both agree that it was cruel to
arm the black men and insist upon making an exchange without reference to
negro soldiers. -
"The doctrines enunciated in the form of resolutions at Chicago might
result in active co-operation with the South. The logical sequence of the
Chicago platform is rebellion. While the Union party is fighting a
wicked rebellion, a wicked rebellion in theory is fighting the Union
party. They are both, therefore, engaged in the same ignoble task." (20)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Confederate Army; Copperheads; South; Union party

1631

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 October 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1631 - L Oct. 22; ed: 2/2 - The New York WORLD is trying hard to over-
come objections to a convention of states. It admits that state sov-
ereignty is opposed by the North but approved by the South. The WORLD
also tries to show that the same doctrines of state sovereignty has been
held at different times in history, but has repeatedly died out, its
former defenders becoming its bitterest enemies. It also says "that
if the Union can be restored this metaphysical opinion of the South
would ultimately, by reason of self interest, die out in the South."
(LEADER) "This is all a very nice bit of reasoning, but it is un-
sound in starting with the assumption that the Union could be restored
and the virtual independence of rebel States be recognized before a
convention of States was called. A convention of States predicated
upon an admission of the right of any State to secede and consequent
justification of the rebellion, never could result in restoration of
the Union except on such terms as the rebels might see fit to dictate
as conditions of their return. The recognition of the right of a State
to secede Inight be salve to Southern pride, but it would never result in
restoration of the Union." (12)

Politics and Government

Index terms:

Cleveland LEADER; Confederacy; New York; New York WORLD; North; South; Union

1634

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 November 1864 (ed; 16 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1634 - L Nov. 19; ed:2/1 - The only obstacle in the way of abolishing
slavery in the South is the stubborn and unreasonable will of the wicked
leaders, concealing their objections to one Union under the plea that the
idea of state sovereignty is an essential docirine of the constitution.
The people of the North will never consent to the doctrine to let a
state secede whenever it may see fit. They will pursue it until it is
annihilated. If the government shall offer peace and reunion to the
South with the condition that slavery be removed, and leaders refuse
acquiescence, it would result in the pursuance of the Rebellion with
more fury than ever. (16)

Politics and Government

Index terms:

North; South; U. S. constitution

1637

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 March 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.4 ~ View at ChronAm

1637 - L. Mar. 15: ed:4/4 - During the time of the fair, when thousands
came by, 2,675 persons signed the petition for general emancipation and
an amendment to the constitution. A Women's Loyal league should be
organized in this city, as in all cities of the North, to show the South
that we are determined not only to put down Rebellion by the bayonet,
but to establish freedom and a fair government by law and constitution.
No better system can be found to educate our people in the genius
of a people's government than that of petitioning. Here the voice of
each is heard and received as competent testimony. (5)

Politics and Government / Cleveland and Cuyahoga County

Index terms:

North; South

1719

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 February 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1719 - L. Feb. 11; ed: 2/1 - Thurlow Weed, editor of the Albany EVENING
JOURNAL, being fearful of irritating the people of the South in coming
years, has made a proposition to abolish the homestead law and pledge
public lands for payment of interest on our national debt which he
calculates it will be $4,000,000,000 at the close of the war.
"The plan of wise statesmanship is to make our Union all free soil,
to offer our public domain in free homesteads to the farmers of Europe
and of America." (8)

Public Lands

Index terms:

Albany EVENING JOURNAL, The; Europe; *Public Lands; South; Union; Weed, Thurlow

1779

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 September 1864 (11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1779 - L. Sept. 28:2/1 - Seperate state action is getting to be a favor-
ite doctrine in many quarters of the South, and if a state treats for
peace as a sovereign state she withdraws from the Confederacy. Rebel
leaders who still cherish hope of success through the overthrow of the
present administration look with alarm upon the movement calculated to
work their speedy overthrow which is now started.
"It cannot be doubted that if there be such a movement in the State
of Georgia, sustained by men of positions and numbers who wish to bring
back Georgia to her allegiance, that a magnanimous course will be adopted
by the Government of the United States in order to win her away from
the wicked rebellion.
"If now she will see fit, having repented of her sins and lamented
her wicked folly, to return to her allegiance, she can have peace. The
Government will put no obstructions in the way of an immediate return.
Georgia cuts the Confederacy in twain and makes it impossible for a re-
construction of the remaining fragments." (11)

Reconstruction

Index terms:

Confederacy; Georgia; South

1781

Cleveland Morning Leader, 16 November 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1781 - L Nov. 16; ed: 2/2 - The only way the tendencies of the people
will be directed toward loyalty to the government is by destroying the
power of the institution cf slavery and giving to free labor the power
of the slave states.
"To reconstruct Southern society on the basis of Northern sco iety is
the only guarantee of future peace to the country after the suppression
of the rebellion.
"We may, therefore, rejoice in the many indications of progress in
that direction. An entire Republican form of Government must prevail
throughout the land, or the South can cmly be held in subjection by a
central military despotism, from which every loyal, liberty-loving
American must shrink with fearful apprehensions." (9)

Reconstruction

Index terms:

South

1964

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 February 1864 (ed; 16 inches) ~ See original
p.1, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1964 - H Feb. 23; ed: 1/2, 3 - "The way is open, beyond blocking up by
politicians of any party, for the complete downfall of Slavery. It is
the natural result of the slaveholders' rebellion, and in the South as
well as in the North, the feeling is becoming universal that both the
political and physical power of Slavery are over in the United States."
(16)

Slavery

Index terms:

North; South

1965

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 March 1864 (43 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

1965 - L. Mar. 8:4/3, 4 - In a speech at the Sanitary fair, Miss Dickinson
referred to a story of the black man at Rodmans Point, who, when a boat
was stuck fast and swept by Rebel bullets, coolly got up and pushed it
off, remarking: "Somebody must die to get out of this and it might as
well be I." Above all groans, l;atred and sighs comes the voice of a
down-trodden people saying: "Somebody must die to get us out of this
and it might as well be we."
When she compared the Breckenridge Democrats in New York as fit
associates for robbers in the South, several people got up and walked
out, whereupon the speaker remarked; "Thats right, run away from the
truth you can't stand." (43)

Slavery

Index terms:

Dickenson, Anna E.; New York; Northern Ohio Sanitary fair; Rodmans Point; South

1973

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 August 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1973 - L. Aug. 19; ed: 2/2 - The editor of the WORLD has proclaimed him-
self an abolitionist, but when chided about it, declared that every man
has the right to be an abolitionist under the constitution and says the
South never denied it. He also claims that the efforts made by the free
states to abolish slavery were antagonistic.
He also declares that he has been in favor of modifying the fugitive
slave law, but "judging from his editorial opinions nowadays, it cer-
tainly does not look much like it." (4)

Slavery

Index terms:

South; U. S. constitution; U. S. fugitive slave law; WORLD (newspaper)

1978

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 January 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1978 - L. Jan. 1; ed: 2/1 - "It has now become a daily jeremiad among the
so-called Democracy, that Mr. Lincoln, in making his Amnesty Proclamation,
has done a very cruel, impolitic and unconstitutional act.... The South,
driven to the verge of Union, ... wooed by the dulcet assurances of demo-
cratic love, ... were about to fling themselves into the loving embraces
of their Northern friends.
"According to the New York WORLD... Mr. Lincoln could have offered to
these Southern Lords no greater insult than to demand an oath of alle-
giance to the proclamation of emancipation. 'If instead of this he had
made t l;em offers which the world would have regarded as just and liberal,
the bottom of Meminger's financial bucket would have been knocked out....'
"There may be politicians ready to hob-nob with Jeff Davis in the
Senate, and look benignly upon Toombs and Stevens and men of that
sort, as... misguided men.
"They very much mistake the American people, if they imagine them to
be so blinded and gullible that they (the people) cannot see what's the
matter. Slavery is eternally doomed. In the eyes of all mankind, this
nation would be blasted with infamy to allow the men who have plunged
this once happy people into a war, to return to their old positions of
honor and favor." (8)

Slavery / Emancipation

Index terms:

Davis, Jeff; *Emancipation; Lincoln, Abraham; Memminger; New York; New York WORLD; South; Stevens, Alex; Toombs, Robert; U. S. Senate

1981

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 December 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1981 - L Dec. 26; ed: 2/1 - The New York NEWS published a letter signed
Abolitionist saying that if the South abolisles slavery. Wendell Phillips
and other abolitionists would favor recognition of Southern independence.
"This is a grave mistake. There may be a few hot-headed abolitionists
who would favor such a policy, but that species is not found in these
parts." - - (2)

Slavery / Emancipation

Index terms:

New York city; New York NEWS, The; Phillips, Wendell; South

2048

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 September 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2048 - L. Sept. 23; ed: 2/1 - Some seem to think that it would be a good
idea to levy a tax of five cents a pound on cotton to pay a debt of
$2,000,000,000 owed by the South.
"This would be a fine scheme for the Southern Confederacy. After hav-
ing involved the nation in a great war, they now want the people of the
North to help them pay the price of their guilt. The reverse of this
would be justice." (6)

Taxation and Taxes

Index terms:

Confederacy; North; South

2264

Cleveland Morning Leader, 30 March 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2264 - L. Mar. 30; ed:2/2 - The Rebel press is industriously discussing
the coming spring campaign and is drawing delusive pictures of the con-
ditions and spirit of the North. -
. . . . "Another and a better class of men from the North and from Europe,
will fill up the South and if several hundred thousand rebels will be
exterminated the world will be better off in the new population which
will take their place." (12)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Confederacy; Europe; North; South

2285

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 August 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2285 - L Aug. 13; ed: 2/1 - Anxious expectations of the people are often
disappointed by predictions of professional croakers, especially about
the presidential elections. If people will only take time to consider
how many states have declared themselves against slavery since the be-
ginning of the civil war, they will see that the Rebellion will be
annihilated in another year.
"The immense work that has been accomplished is made more striking
if we ask ourselves, shall all this territory be surrendered and the
South be acknowledged? What party in power would think of giving up
all we have gained?
"The Croakers, who despair of the success of our cause, would do
well to stop and consider the important gains already made by the North."
(14)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

South

2293

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 September 1864 (ed; 20 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2293 - L. Sept. 23; ed: 2/1 - "There is no charge more frequently reiter-
atei with less show of reason than that which affixes the responsibility
of this devastating war upon the Union." In Stephens' address in 1860
before the Georgia legislature, he admitted that Lincoln's election was
not sufficient cause for Rebellion.
The leading traitors of the South had been trying to organize and
consummate secession as completely as possible before the inauguration
of the new President, and the Rebels would not have seceded if the
Republican party had agreed to throw open the territories to slavery,
which was simply asking the party to give up the principle on which it
had elected Lincoln.
"The respºnsibility of this cruel war must remain forever with the
South - on their heads must abide the consequences." (20)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; South; Stephens, Alexander; U. S. army

2299

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 November 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2299 - L. Nov. 8; ed: 2/1 - The Rebellion is being waged by and for slave
holders. They succeeded in precipitating the Southern states into a
Rebellion from which the great middle class of the South would have
shrunk in horror. The people, non-slave holders, the middle classes of
the South, are not enemies of the Union and should seek amnesty from
the government. But the slave drivers and man stealers should be shot,
imprisoned, or exiled.
"The government should, therefore, try to create disaffection in
the ranks of the men who have no interest in the perpetuation of slav-
ery, but let the destroyer of our bravest men, Slavery, die in its
tracks." (10)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Confederate Army; South; Union

2348

Cleveland Morning Leader, 21 September 1864 (ed; 15 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2348 - L. Sept. 21; ed:2/1 - "It is astonishing, that, notwithstanding
the terrible evils which the rebellion has brought upon the South, the
Rebel leaders have been able to hold in an iron grip the armies which
they have organized." The reason for this is that while the rank and
file of the Southern army have physical courage, they lack moral cour-
age to rebel against their leaders. So long as the Rebel armies are
unbroken the villains are capable of wielding such a despotism as is
unknown in any other part of the globe. If they are deprived of their
power and are left to the mercies of a cruelly outraged South they
will have no resting place for their feet on this continent.
"Let there be no negotiation with the Rebel leaders, but let them
be dealt with all the energy of force until their power is destroyed."
(15)

Wars / Civil War / Confederate Army

Index terms:

Confederate Army; South

2349

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 November 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2349 - L Nov. 11; ed: 2/2 - The war has made many changes in the condition
of the Rebel and the Union armies. The Rebels had the advantage in the
beginning, due to the fact that many young men who had attended military
schools in the South were ready to take command of their troops. Many
officers who were considered to be the best became identified with the
Rebellion. These advantages were at first noticeable in the superior
discipline of Rebel soldiers when brought in contact with the raw
recruits of the North. However, years of war changed these conditions.
The Rebel soldiers became an undisciplined, thieving, and disorganized
army, more dangerous to the South than to the Northern armies.
"It is so long since the Rebels have had a great victory, that they
have become habituated to defeat, and will grow more and more so as the
pressure of our armies continues.... We have the men, means and money,
and now that the people have triumphantly re-elected Abraham Lincoln,
the day cannot be very far hence when the Rebellion must utterly cease
from the land." (10)

Wars / Civil War / Confederate Army

Index terms:

Confederate Army; Lincoln, Abraham; North; South; Union army

2350

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 February 1864 (ed; 106 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2350 - L. Feb. 3; ed: 2/2, 6 - In his Congressional speech on confiscation
of Confederate property, the Ilon. James A. Garfield declared that such
confiscation was justified by the action of the South. He said in part:
"When the government of the United States declared that we were in
a state of war, the rebel states came under the laws of war. By their
acts of rebellion they swept away every vestige of their civil and polit-
ical rights under the constitution of the United States. Their obli-
gations still remained, but the reciprocal rights which usually accompany
obligations, they had forfeited.
"The question then lies open before us: In a state of war, is this
resolution legal and politic?
"I remember to have said to a friend when I entered the army, 'You
hate slavery; so do I; but I hate disunion more. Let us drop the
slavery question and fight to sustain the Union."
"Mr. Speaker, I am surprised and amazed beyond measure at what I have
seen in this House. Having been so long with men who had but one
thought upon these great themes, it is passing strange to me to hear
men talking of the old discussions of a few years ago. They forget
that a nation sometimes may live a generation into a single year and
the experience of the last three years has been greater than that of
centuries of peace and quiet.
"If we want peace that is not a hollow peace, we must make thorough
work of this war. We must establish freedom in the midst of servitude,
and the authority of law in the midst of rebellion. We must fill the
ranks of our armies, assure them that a grateful and loving people are
behind them and they will go down against the enemy bearing with them
the majesty and might of a great nation.
"The war began by proclamation and it must end by proclamation."
Mr. Garfield's speech cuts so directly down to the heart of the whole
question of confiscation that our readers will be glad to read it. It
has been spoken of as the most effective speech made in Congress this
session." (106)

Wars / Civil War / Confiscation

Index terms:

Confederacy; *Confiscation (Civil War); Garfield, Maj. Gen. J. A.; South; Union; U. S. Congress; U. S. constitution; U. S. House of Representatives

2364

Cleveland Morning Leader, 10 February 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2364 - L. Feb. 10; ed: 2/1 - "The call of the President for new troops galls
the Copperhead ideas of justice and liberty. We would like to 'swap'
them for good Union men in the South so that they might try the mild bene-
ficent sway of Jeff Davis for a season. They could then compare the two
systems of oppression. For their special edification we print to-day an
analysis of the Rebel conscription law.... Truly the Southern people seem
destined to drink the cup of oppression to the dregs." (6)

Wars / Civil War / Enlistments and Confiscations

Index terms:

Copperheads; Davis, Jeff; Lincoln, Abraham; South; Union

2423

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 July 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2423 - L July 20; ed: 2/1 - It is evident by the late call for volunteers
that war is about to begin in earnest. The South has for some time been
concerned with war as a serious business, while the North has been paying
more attention to commerce and manufacturing, consequently growing rich.
Now, however, the North has rallied and is doing its share to keep fill ing
up the army. Five hundred thousand men are to be added to the army, which
will constitute a reserve force with which the last vestige of treason is
to be obliterated. (9)

Wars / Civil War / Enlistments and Confiscations

Index terms:

North; South; U. S. army

2430

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 August 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2430 - L. Aug. 15; ed: 2/1 - Immediately upon the call for 500,000 men and
the passage of a bill permitting recruiting in Rebel states, much anxiety
was manifested to fill up quotas by the use of money amongst Negroes of
disloyal states. Agents from the east and North have gone South to offer
higher bounty than is offered in the west.
Southerners resent having men from the North try to buy men and take
their places in the army, and suggest rightfully that the Northerners share
time heat and burden of the war as they are doing.
The draft is certain to take a large number of able bodied men. In-
stead of waiting to be drafted, if men will volunteer, there will be left a
large bounty for dependents; but if drafted there will be left little or .
nothing. Substitutes will command from $1,000 to $1,500, and none but the
rich can hope to secure them.
"Let these facts be understood generally. Do not place your independence
on recruiting agencies in the Scuth." (10)

Wars / Civil War / Enlistments and Confiscations

Index terms:

Confederacy; North; South

2471

Cleveland Morning Leader, 18 April 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2471 - L. Apr. 18; ed: 2/1 - Both in the army and navy there has been of late
a criminal neglect of duty. The MAPLE LEAF was destroyed in St. John's
river, and the frigate MINNESOTA barely escaped destruction by a Rebel
ram. Forts Pillow and Paducah have been captured by the South. It is im-
possible to believe that the Rebels must be allowed to occupy Tennessee and
Kentucky. - (3)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Fort Paducah, Ky.; Fort Pillow, Miss.; Kentucky; MAPLE LEAF (ship); Minnesota; St. John's river; South; Tennessee

2509

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 July 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2509 - L. July 27; ed:2/1 - Generals Lee and Johnston are working hand in
hand to defeat Sherman. Johnston already has falien back from Chattanooga
to get in position to be reinforced hy Lee, who has also sent off large
numbers to defeat Sherman in Georgia. It seems the South has suddenly de-
cided to invade such northern states as Ohio, Indiana, and Pennsylvania.
"This magnificent scheme hatched in Baltimore, will undoubtedly succeed,
unless General Grant concludes to modify it. We shall see what we shall
see," (5)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Baltimore, M.J., (Cont'd); Chattanooga, Tenn.; Georgia; Indiana; Johnston, Gen. Joseph E.; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Ohio; Pennsylvania; Sherman, Gen. W. T.; South

2518

Cleveland Morning Leader, 16 September 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

2518 - L. Sept. 16; ed:2/3 - Evidences are accumulating to show that “...
General Lee is massing as many troops as he can command to make an attack
upon General Grant, and, by defeating Grant, to assist McClellan's politi-sº
cal ambitions. - -- .
The Richmond EXAMINER of the 8th says: "Military success, then, will not
retain Lincoln in his seat. The influence of the South - more powerful in
the shock of battle than when throwing her minority vote in an electoral
college - will be cast in favor of McClellan by this indirect yet effi-
cacious means." - (4)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Grant, Gen. U. S.; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Lincoln, Abraham; McClellan, George B.; Richmond EXAMINER; Richmond Va.; South

2525

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 December 1864 (ed; 24 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2525 - L. Dec. 19; ed: 2/1, 2 - "Never before has the war been prosecuted
with such terrible efficiency as at present, and never before have the
prospects of a sure and speedy triumph of our cause been brighter.
Within the last few days the events that have occurred point to the suc-
cess of the Union forces... the Confederacy has been literally split to
fragments. The first important event was destruction of the Weldon
railroad, which connected Richmond and Lee's army with the South.
Further south, valuable commissaries have been destroyed, together with
a million dollars worth of rebel supplies. The most brilliant of the
glorious successes is the one in which that gallant veteran, Thomas, is
still winning in front of Nashville. Five thousand prisoners have been
taken and thirty-nine pieces of artillery. Such is the inspiring cata-
logue of Union successes of the last few days. The news of the last
week shows that only a few weak garrisons are held by the rebel forces,
which will soon be in the hands cf our Union Generals." (24)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Confederacy; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Nashville, Tenn.; Richmond Va.; South; Thomas, Gen.; Union; Union army; Weldon railroads

2567

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 April 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2567 - L Apr. 13; ed:2/1 - Long of Cincinnati in a speech which "made
Congress boil" said in part: "I believe that there are but two alterna-
tives and these are, either the acknowledgment of the independence of
the South or their complete extermination as a people, and of these
alternatives I prefer the former."
LEADER:
"We do not regard it worthwhile to show how utterly illogical and
treasonable the speech of Long's is. It will sting itself to death, and
the nation will only be strengthened when once all northern rebels
unite with their brethren of the South in favor of recognizing Southern
Independence." (12)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Cleveland LEADER; Confederacy; Long; South; U. S. Congress

2571

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 July 1864 (ed; 20 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2571 - L. July 26; ed: 2/1 - The conditions upon which it is possible to .
establish peace between the North and South are forming the subject of
discussion throughout the North, and we are not alarmed that the sub-
ject of peace is to be agitated. - - - - . .
Democrats seem to be willing to take issue with Lincoln and the Union
on the subject of the conditions of peace. Lincoln demands that the
Rebels shall concede the territorial irtegrity of the Union and the
abandonment of slavery which is not indispensable, but is a hot bed for . . .
future Rebellions and revolutions. People of the North realize that if
slavery is not destroyed, it will endanger the future.
"Let the people therefore be on their guard, against rebellion,
treason, and terrible wars again. There is no security except in a
Peace whose conditions are the territorial integrity of the whole Union
and the abandonment of slavery." (20)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; North; South; Union

2572

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 July 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2572 - L. July 27; ed:2/1 - The South in proposing new peace plans wants
to keep slavery, and be allowed to add Mexico to the present bounds of
slavery. Northerners will not consent to such terms, their desire being
to do away with slavery. - -
"To ask the people of the north to consent to geographical boundary . . .
lines which shall surrender one foot of territory now in the possession
of our armies is to insult the dignity and power of this Free Republic
of the North. No political party, once in power, would concede such
demands. On the other hand re-union with slavery is quite intolerable."
- - (10)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Mexico; North; South

2573

Cleveland Morning Leader, 6 July 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2573 - L. July 6; ed:2/2 - "We believe that the Union party of the North
is ready to restore peace to the country whenever the rebels admit they
are ready to accept two essential conditions, which are, the integrity
of the Union, and the abandonment of slavery as a security against future.
rebellion." - : - - …
Peace on such terms can be gained aſter each party has learned to re-
spect the other. The South would enter upon a new career of prosperity
such as it never cunceived.
"With Peace and Union will come many blessings, and we are for such
peace as this, but believe it only attainable through the unconditional
submission of the rebels to the two conditions named." (9)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

North; South; Union; Union party

2578

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 August 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2578 - L Aug. 20; ed: 2/2 - Jeff Davis, thinks that the South is an in-
dependent power, ard that peace can come only by separation. Ile says º
the South is fighting solely for independence, and attaches no special . . . .
interest to slavery, which is evidence that Rebel leaders are not ". . .
ready to surrender in favor of peace. - - - - - - -
The revelations made by this interview must effectually stop the
mouths of the brawling peace men who insist that the only obstacle in
the way of peace is the Government at Washington. - (6)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Davis, Jeff; South; Washington, D. C.

2579

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 August 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2579 - L. Aug. 22; ed: 2/1 - The American people are so tired of war
that they are liable to accept terms of peace which will shift burdens
and desolations to their children. No one denies that slavery is the
source of all war woes and is prolo.jging the war. -
"With slavery in a restored Union there could be no permanent peace
with jealousies of North and South there would be constant danger of
other ruptures and finally, of war again. The only condition of a -
permanent future is the destruction of slavery." (11)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

North; South; Union

2584

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 October 1864 (ed; 17 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2584 - L. Oct. 13; ed:2/1 - Some people of the North are taught to think
that the only obstacle in the way of a speedy peace is the unwilling-
ness of Lincoln to compromise in such a way that the Rebels will be
induced to return.
"Possibly Jeff Davis, after being driven to the extremity of despair,
and seeing his power about to pass away, woull agree to be conciliated
and live with his friends; but in the name of our Republic, in the
name of our murdered countrymen whose bones lie bleaching in every -
Southern State, in the name of the poor white men of the South and the
cruelly wronged black race, by all that is dear and noble and sacred
in a great people, we protest against compromise and conciliation, and
demand that the traitors, and murderers, shall be drawn and quartered,
hung and shot, and the integrity of the Republic restored." (17)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Davis, Jeff; Lincoln, Abraham; North; South

2585

Cleveland Morning Leader, 17 October 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2585 - L Oct. 17; ed: 2/2 - Alexander Stephens of Georgia is said to
favor a peace which will recognize the "Sovereignty of the States,"
also to be in favor of a convention of states.
"This is very ingenious. Stephens favors having the North admit the
very principle against which we have contended, the 'sovereign right'
of a state to secede whenever she sees fit. This doctrine has been the
cause of all our woes. The hel lish work of leaders in the South was
done under the guise of State Sovereignty, the right of which Stephens
wishes to see granted by a convention of States." - (4)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Georgia; North; South; Stephens, Alexander

2587

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 October 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2587 - L. Oct. 20; ed: 2/2 - Certain parties interested in the success of
the Rebellion have sent petitions from England asking the United States
government to make peace with the South. Over 300,000 names are
attached to it, covering over 700 yards of canvas.
"The tons and language of the petitions are familiar to the WORLD,
the NEWS, the Chicago TIMES, the Cincinnati ENQUIRER, and the PLAIN
DEALER. . . . . . . -- " " . . . .” -
"It was entirely unnecessary for 300,000 Englishmen and Irishmen, , , --
women and children, to send this petition to Governor Seymour. We have
plenty of such talk at home." - - - - . . . . . (13)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Chicago TIMES; Cincinnati, O.; Cincinnati ENQUIRER; Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; England; New York NEWS, The; Seymour, Governor; South; WORLD (newspaper)

2589

Cleveland Morning Leader, 2 December 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2589 - L Dec. 2; ed: 2/1 - In the discussion of peace found in the
Rebel press, both North and South, much is said about "the cruelty of . ,
proposing terms of peace to the Rebels which may 'wound their pride' . . ."
or bring 'disgrace upon their escutcheons.'"
"The absurdity of such talk must be evident to everybody. After
drenching the land in blood and slaughtering immense numbers of our
people, they ask that they shall not be treated as the criminals and ... ."
traitors they are, but so as not to wound their tender susceptibilities." - .
- - - - - (6)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Confederacy; North; South

2590

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 December 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2590 - L. Dec. 23; ed: 2/1 - The results of the Union successes are being . .
felt in the Rebel capital. One result is the resolution offered by McCullen
of Virginia for the appointment of commissioners to treat for peace. . . . . .
"The very fact of its resolution, by a member who has never before been … .
allied with the reconstructionists of the South, is a significant in-
dication of the increasing distrust felt by the rebel leaders in the --
success of the Rebellion." - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (7)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

McCullen, (Va.); South; Union; Virginia

2591

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 December 1864 (ed; 52 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2591 - L. Dec. 24; ed:2/2, 3, 4, - The Hon. R. P. Spaulding, in his speech
Dec. 19 in the House of Representatives, discussed in detail President
Lincoln's address to Congress. He agreed with the views of Lincoln . . .
regarding the termination of the war, criticized the sentiment of some … .
members of Congress who wish to "subjugate" the South, and concluded
his remarks with this significant statement:
"In stating a single condition of peace, I mean simply to say, that
the war will cease on the part of the Government, whenever it shall have
ceased on the part of those who began it." (52)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; South; Spalding, Judge R. P.; U. S. Congress; U. S. House of Representatives

2606

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 August 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2606 - L. Aug. 26; ed:2/2 - Thirty-five thousand Union men are imprisoned
in Andersonville, Ga., and conditions are pitiable, to say the least.
They are exposed to the terrific heat of the sun by day, and the damp-
ness of the dew by night. Many of them are suffering from disease and
some even lose their minds. Others go across the "dead line" and beg
to be shot to end their misery.
This cruel policy has heen executed by the Rebels to compel the
government to accede to their terms of exchange.
"Why do not the friends of the chivalry here in the North lay before
their readers a statement of the cruel ties practiced upon our soldiers,
and seize every opportunity to declaim against any apparent severity
towards rebel prisoners in the North, while they have not a manly word
of condemnation for the way cur brave boys are murdered in the South."
(10)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Andersonville, Ga.; North; South; Union party

2609

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 November 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2609 - L Nov. 14; ed:2/2 - "When history with her impartial pen, re-
cites the story of these times she will chronicle the treatment which
has been bestowed upon the Union and rebel prisoners in the North and
South." -
Cnristian care has been shown to Rebel prisoners taken by the North,
but just the opposite treatment was accorded to the Union prisoners .
taken by the South. They were starved, robbed, confined in a small
crowded disinal quarters, and tortured to their graves.
"Jeff Davis cannot deny these facts. History will prove where the
guilt of cruelty lies." (11)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Confederate Army; Davis, Jeff; North; South; Union; Union army

2633

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 June 1864 (48 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3,4 ~ View at ChronAm

2633 - L June 27:4/3,4 - Three years ago, the 7th Ohio regiment left for
the battle front, a thousand strong. After many heroic battles this
celebrated regiment, now scarcely 200 strong, came back today.
Fire bells and clanging of all kinds announced their arrival at "-
seven o'clock at the depot. People arrived by the thousands; mothers
and sons, brothers and sisters met them with great joy. • * ~ *
The regiment, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel McClellan,
filed around to where the tables were spread and had breakfast; then
they marched up to the square. Crowds of people and flags were every-
where.
J. C. Grannis, city attorney, spoke as follows: "You, and those who
went with you, whether present here today, or absent, whether among the
living, or the dead, shall be forever after held in grateful remembrance."
Governor Brough said: "You have been in a school and under a dis-
cipline which has taught you many things. You have learned one thing
amid the carnage of battle - that there are but two alternatives left
us - the one a base and cowardly submission, the other, to break the
power of the southern states. We must gain our peace by craven sub-
mission, or by annihilating the armies of the South." The reception
over, the regiment filed to Camp Cleveland. (48)

Wars / Civil War / Receptions and Celebrations

Index terms:

Brough, Governor (Ohio); Camp Cleveland; Grannis, John C.; McClellan, George B.; South; Union depot; U. S. army

2676

Cleveland Morning Leader, 21 October 1864 (10 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.4 ~ View at ChronAm

2676 - L Oct. 21:4/4 - The meeting of welcome to Lieut. William Pitten-
ger in Chapin's hall last evening was an enthusiastic and brilliant
affair.
Lieutenant Pittinger gave an address narrating his personal observa-
tions and experiences in the South. He portrayed the workings of slav-
ery, and gave an outline of the adventures of himself and his companions,
of their journey into Rebel territory, the seizure of a railroad tra in
and an extraordinary run of 65 miles an hour to escape their pursuers,
the break-down of the train, and their capture, all of which formed one
of the most daring and thrilling narratives of suffering and trial ever
recorded in history.
His description of the execution of seven of his comrades was partic-
tº larly touching. His book entitled DARING AND SUFFER1|NG is now
being sold by his agent, Lieutenant Buffum. (10)

Wars / Civil War / Receptions and Celebrations

Index terms:

Buffum, Lieut.; Chapin's hall; DARING AND SUFFERING (book); Pittenger, Lieut. William; South