Annals of Cleveland

Union

Abstracts: 106

267

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 October 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

267 - L. Oct. 14; ed: 2/3 - The proposed arming of slaves by Rebels is the
last ditch to which Union men are anxious to see the Rebels driven.
In the event Lincoln is reelected, the new war policy will no doubt
be adopted in the South, unless they decide to yield to an inevitable
fatality.
"Put arms into the hands of 100,000 slaves and we should see where
their sympathy lies. It would soon be discovered whether such a thing
is possible as their fighting to enslave their mothers, sisters, wives,
children, fathers and sons. We should have a fine accession to the
strength of the Union cause in such a desperate policy." (3)

Confederacy

Index terms:

Confederacy; Lincoln, Abraham; South; Union

271

Cleveland Morning Leader, 4 November 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

271 - L. Nov. 4; ed: 2/1 - It is officially announced in Southern papers
that the Rebels intend arming 300,000 slaves in the spring, giving them
their freedom and 50 acres of land for their services.
"The Negroes of the South have understood from the beginning that,
practically, the North is fighting the battle of their freedom, and it
would not be astonishing if the result of this new desperation of the
Rebellion should only serve to hasten both the overthrow of the Rebellion
and the restoration of the Union." (13)

Confederacy

Index terms:

North; South; Union

569

Cleveland Morning Leader, 30 March 1864 (10 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

569 - L. Mar. 30:4/3 - The city Union convention for the nomination of its
candidates for the city spring election met yesterday at National hall,
W. B. Castle was chosen candidate for the commissioner of water works and
George Hester, for justice of the peace. One person was appointed from
each ward as a member of the city Union central committee. (10)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Cleveland

Index terms:

Castle, William B.; Hester, George (justice of peace); Union; Union convention (Baltimore, Md.)

573

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 April 1864 (29 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

573 - L. Apr. 5:4/3 - "The City Election, which transpired yesterday, re-
sulted in a glorious triumph for the Union cause. Only a light vote, -
about six thousand, was polled, and yet the Union majority for the city
ticket will not fall far short of Fifteen Hundred, a majority that has
surprised the most sanguine of the Union men, and which is heavier than any
ever before given at a city election in which so light a vote was polled.
The Union nominees for Councilmen are also successful in at least eight
Wards, and the council will be decidedly Union. Three times three for
the glorious Forest City! Never has it done itself more honor than in
repudiating the bastard Democracy, and in opening the Presidential campaign
of 1864 with a salute for the Union whose echoes shall ring through all
the borders of the land!
"The election passed off very quietly, no disturbance of any kind taking
place at any of the places of election. In most of the wards the vote was
light, and little or no interest taker. So great was the apathy, in fact,
and such the vigor with which the Democrats worked, that it was generally
feared that the Democracy would carry the city. In view of the fact, the
triumph is even greater and proves more conclusively that the great heart
of the people still beats for Liberty and Union."
The LEADER carries the complete vote of each ward, except the Seventh,
which had not reported at press time, although it was said Union nominees
had carried tº his ward also .
A proposition to annex a part of Brooklyn to the city was almost unani-
mously adopted. (29)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Cleveland

Index terms:

Brooklyn, Ohio; Cleveland LEADER; Union; Union party

575

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 March 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

575 - L. Mar. 15; ed: 2/1 - The coming election in Connecticut will show
whether or not Connecticut is still true to the Union. "Although the state
has done well during the war, there have been some of the boldest and vilest
'Copperheads' at work in the midst of the loyal men. Their new candidate,
Origen E. Seymour, is known as a 'Copperhead'.... We trust the loyal men
of that state will administer as decent a burial to the blessed martyr, Origen
E. Seymour, as did Ohio to its political saint. In this death grapple the
Republic, with the hydra, rebellion, the man who is not wholly, entirely for
his country occupies a position no better than an open traitor...." (7)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Connecticut

Index terms:

Connecticut; Ohio; Seymour, Origen E.; Union

587

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 October 1864 (ed; 17 inches) ~ See original
p.3, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

587 - L Oct. 3; ed:3/1 - The results of the election in Ohio, always of the
first importance, will be awaited with unusual interest throughout the country,
for as Ohio goes in October, she will go in November. The result is not
doubtful, "and we believe that the state will not only go right, but will
pile up a majority for the Union that will make the hearts of the "Copper-
heads" everywhere fail within them." Most all daily papers endorse Lincoln
and Johnson. It is safe to predict that the Union will have a majority of .
60,000 in the state elecion. - - - (17)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Ohio

Index terms:

Johnson, Gov. Andrew (Tenn.); Lincoln, Abraham; Ohio; Union

590

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 October 1864 (115 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3,8 ~ View at ChronAm

590 - L. Oct. 5:4/3,8 - The grand Union rally held today, was in all respects,
a most complete and wonderful success. In spite of the rain, the city was
decorated in gala day attire. "The banner of glory and beauty floated
proudly from the flagstaff on the Square, and flags of all sizes hung from
roofs, windows, and ropes stretched across the streets." The whole city
was enthused and excited. Crowds came in trains and private conveyances
from every direction. Surrounding townships turned out in full force, East
Cleveland receiving the banner for having the largest delegation present. --
The meeting was called to order by H. M. Chapin. Judge Spaulding made a
brief speech in regard to the death of Governor Wood, who was to have pre-
sided at the meeting. Judge Day of Ravenna then made an address which he
began by reviewing the history of the secession movement. Ile spoke at
length on the Union cause and the duty of loyal men toward it. His speech
was received with much enthusiasm and applause.
The Hon. Benjamin Stanton was the next and last speaker. He spoke in
defense of the course Lincoln had taken, and showed how many things he had
thought unwise, had since been proved the very wisest measures. He defended
the emancipation proclamation and eulogized Sherman on his recent campaign.
He then showed up the weakness and absurdity of the "Chicago Platform."
Never has the city been more brilliantly illuminated. Public and private
piaces alike displayed lighted candles and lanterns. The torch-light proces-
sion of the different wards as they marched from Euclid place to the Square
was one of the finest pyrotechnic displays ever seen in Cleveland. Several
speeches were made at the evening meeting, which progressed nicely until some
"Copperhead" rowdies tried to tear down the banner and lantern hung near the
American building. Police were hurriedly called and order restored for the
remainder of the evening. º (115)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Ohio

Index terms:

American building; Chapin, H. M.; Day, Luther (Ohio supreme court judge); Euclid place; Lincoln, Abraham; Public Square; Ravenna, Ohio; Sherman, Gen. W. T.; Spalding, Judge R. P.; Stanton, Benjamin; Union; Wood, Gov.

596

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 October 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

596 - L. Oct. 15; ed: 2/3 - The PLAIN DEALER stated in one issue that the
Democrats had cut down the Union majority in Ohio from 101,000 to 35,000.
On another day it published a report that the Union majority would be 85,000,
a difference of "only" 50,000. "This is what the PLAIN DEALER calls sub-
serving the ends of 'justice and truth.' Honest men call it downright
swindling." (2)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / Ohio

Index terms:

Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; Ohio; Union

612

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 May 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

612 - L. May 23; ed: 2/1 - "As the time draws near for the Baltimore conven-
tion, the unanimity of the popular feeling for Mr. Lincoln become more de-
cisive than before. Nothing has been so much feared by the copperheads as
his renomination. They have therefore been industriously at work for months,
endeavoring to undermine public confidence. Their savage onslaughts have
been stayed for a few weeks by the important events transpiring; but their
former malignity was not misunderstood. The integrity, purity, and ability
of the President, the universal confidence of the people, have been powerful
reasons with the opposition why he should not be renominated.
"From every quarter come the evidences that these qualities are being
appreciated and that the people are unanimously in his favor.
"From every quarter of the country where there has been any expression,
it has been overwhelmingly in favor of Mr. Lincoln. The hot beds of Aboli-
tion are the most earnest in his support, and yet there are certain
gentlemen who affect to be in favor of a still more radical candidate.
In view of the fact that the soundest anti-slavery men of the nation are
in favor of Mr. Lincoln's renomination, it little becomes the mal contents
who are to meet in this city to prate about a more radical anti-slavery
policy. They can come before the Union men of the country with but
little grace and still less hope of popular approbation. Henry Ward Beecher,
in writing to a distinguished Indiana politician at Washington, says what
will be endorsed by all good Union men:
"In the present exigency, in view of Mr. Lincoln's past administration,
the wision he has shown, the inoral purity of the man, the great and just
confidence which the people put in him... I am full and strong in my con-
viction that he should be our next president." (9)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Beecher, Henry Ward; Indiana; Lincoln, Abraham; Union; Union party; Washington, D. C.

614

Cleveland Morning Leader, 30 May 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

614 - L. May 30; ed: 2/2 - The time draws near for the Baltimore convention,
and the people are universally for Lincoln. "Copperhead" newspapers every-
where are boosting Fremont and knocking Lincoln. "The army of the Union at
the front and the army of the Union at the North are one and undivisible.
The one will triumph over rebels in arms, the cther over Copperheads every-
where." (5)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Fremont, General John C.; Lincoln, Abraham; Republican convention (Baltimore); Union

615

Cleveland Morning Leader, 31 May 1864 (ed; 22 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

615 - L May 31; ed: 2/1, 2 - The choice of the American people for the next
president is Abraham Lincoln. The pecple are unwilling to distract and
divide the strength of the Union sentiment of the country by canvassirg the
claims of other men than Abraham Lincoln. -
"The people have chosen Abraham Lincoln for their next president. It is
a foregone conclusion. What then can you say to them, gentlemen of the
freedom and undivided country, if, as you think, you shall defeat their
choice and commit a crime against the very cause you love." (22)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; Union

623

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 June 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

623 - L June 13; ed: 2/1 - The New York WORLD writes on the recent nomina-
tions at Baltimore. It called those nominated, Lincoln and Johnson, a rail
splitting buffoon and a boorish tailor.
"Why, the very fact that the Union nyminees are taken from the people -
that one was once a rail-splitter, and the other a tailor - will be the
chief element of their popularity." (8)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Johnson, Gov. Andrew (Tenn.); Lincoln, Abraham; New York WORLD; Union

629

Cleveland Morning Leader, 18 August 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

629 - L. Aug. 18; ed: 2/1 - The delay of the Chicago convention has been un- .
fortunate for the Union party. All discouraging elements have had free
play because Democrats have not found a suitable candidate. Union men are
waking up to the fact that in unity there is strength and that dissensions
must be cast aside. Personal preferences of individuals must be sacrificed
to the demands of a great cause. The hope of the Democratic party lies in
these last two months, and defeat will mean utter ruin.
"Let every Union man stand fast in an undying faith in the power of the
Union to maintain its existence." - (8)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Republican party; Union; Union party

631

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 August 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

631 - L Aug. 26; ed: 2/1 - Judge Spaulding was renominated at the Union con-
vention yesterday. His record in connection with the congressional legis-
lation of last season entitles him to the gratitude of the people in the
18th district.
"His reputation as being a champion of rights of men, as an opponent of
man-buying and man-whipping was sustained in the vigorous advocacy of rush
measures as were calculated to redeem the statute book of some of the
foulest features of legislation in this country." (4)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Spalding, Judge R. P.; Union

632

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 August 1864 (32 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

632 - L. Aug. 26:4/2 - The congressional convention met yesterday in Brain-
ard's hall for the purpose of nominating a candidate to Congress. It was
well attended and practically every county was represented. Judge Spauld-
ing was nominated for re-election to Congress by acclamation. Mr. Spauld-
ing was not in attendance at the convention but was informed of his re-
nomination and soon appeared to make an address.
He said: "The position of a member of Congress ought ever to be reck-
oned among the highest objects of a reasonable man's ambitions." He spoke
of having drafted a bill appropriating money for repairs of harbors on Lakes
Erie and Michigan during his first term in Congress. He expressed great
confidence in Mr. Lincoln, and asked that all Union men cast their vote for
him. Six resolutions were reported and adopted at the convention, after
which it adjourned. (32)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Brainard's hall; Lincoln, Abraham; Spalding, Judge R. P.; Union; U. S. Congress

634

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 August 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

634 - L Aug. 26; ed:2/1 - The Democratic party is imitating the tactics of
the Rebels by trying to intimidate their enemies. They expect their blus-
ter will win, but the Union party is cool and determined and will not be
intimidated and alarmed at the noise of the enemy.
"Let every Union man stand firm in his unal terable purpose to sc-
cure Union and Freedom for the whole commonwealth." - (4)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Union; Union party

639

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 September 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

639 - L Sept. 3; ed: 2/1 - At the Chicago Democratic convention the Ken-
tucky delegation presented a resolution, which was carried unanimously,
that McClellan should free the prisoners of war immediately on election.
"The convention had not one word to say with reference to Jeff Davis
literally starving 30,000 Union prisoners in Andersonville." (4)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Andersonville, Ga.; Chicago, Ill.; Davis, Jeff; Kentucky; McClellan, George B.; Union

646

Cleveland Morning Leader, 10 September 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

646 - L. Sept. 10; ed:2/1 - McClellan's letter of acceptance is ingenious-
ly constructed and about as shamefaced as the platform on which he stands.
According to him, "the war is no longer waged for the preservation of
the Union as it should be, but ought to be managed in conformity with
certain principles which he enumerated while in active service."
"A Union in which slavery is again to become a dominant power can
never be tolerated, and the very army with which he declared sympathy,
would scorn a proposition to remand back again into slavery the hundred
thousand black men already enrolled in the army of the Union." (12)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

McClellan, George B.; Union

647

Cleveland Morning Leader, 10 September 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

647 - L. Sept. 10; ed:2/1 - Signs, unusually relied on in determining re-
sults of political contests, are unmistakably in favor of the great
triumph of the friends of the government at the coming election. People
are beginning to wake up to the hypocrisy of the Democrats, and will
stand by the government, "whose only policy is repression of rebellion
and establishment of the Union." . . .
"Let victory be so magnificent in its majorities, that rebellion will , -
cease in seeing the great unity of the people of the North." (9)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

North; Union

655

Cleveland Morning Leader, 16 September 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

655 - L. Sept. 16; ed: 2/3 - Every effort is being made by the Rebels to
keep the Union from gaining more victories, and if Lincoln is elected,
they know they will be obliged to surrender.
"A while ago it was the favorite cry of the rebels that they wanted
Lincoln re-elected. There is nothing, on the contrary, they fear so . . . .
much. They know it will cnd the rebellion."
- - (12)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Union

664

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 September 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

664 - L. Sept. 19; ed: 2/1 - It is characteristic of people during a war
involving so much of hope and fear, for their feelings to fluctuate
from the highest point of confidence to the lowest point of despondency.
This is not the peculiarity of the North, however, and the Union men
feel confident of success in the coming election. Confidence attended
by inactivity results in defeat at times, and the Union party should
take warning and "remember that success can only be attained by constant
labor."
"The Union party must win the next two elections with such overwhelm-
ing majorities that the rebels will forever resign all hope of breaking
up the Republic. Let the spirit which now animates our ranks be main-
tained to the end." (7)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

North; Union; Union party

674

Cleveland Morning Leader, 30 September 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

674 - L. Sept. 30; ed: 2/1 - The overwhelming defeat of Wallandigham last
fall gave people the opportunity to say that votes had been imported.
Now that Indiana shows evidence of Union majorities, the TIMES intimates
that votes are to be imported. The pretense that fraud is employed
will do to cover up such an inglorious defeat as the Democrats will
suffer. "It is simply one of those political howlings which make it
evident that despair is settling down upon our political adversaries." (3)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Indiana; TIMES, THE (newspaper); Union; Vallandigham, Clement L.

679

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 October 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

679 - L. Oct. 8; ed: 2/2 - Democratic leaders generally regard the Irish
population as belonging to them "body and soul and breaches."
"If we are not mistaken, this Democratic pretension to the owner-
ship of the Irish vote will be belied and thousands of Irishmen will
be on the side of the Union and Abraham Lincoln." (4)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; Union

681

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 October 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

681 - L Oct. 13; ed:2/2 - In view of the recent victories gained in
Ohio, Indiana and Pennsylvania, it is proposed that Union-loving people
of Cleveland and surrounding towns get together and celebrate. "Let us
give expression to our feelings of joy that our people are not devoid
of self respect and honor and that they are still determined to put
down the rebellion even if it takes the last dollar and the last man.
Let us be joyful that the peace sneaks are few and far between, and
that our glorious Union shall be restored to its pristine splendor." (6)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Indiana; Ohio; Pennsylvania; Union

685

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 October 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

685 - L Oct. 20; ed: 2/1 - The Richmond ENQUIRER says that for 20 years,
as Pennsylvania has gone, so has the presidential election, but that even
though it has gone Republican, there is hope for the Rebels. "That is
only the view of the ENQUIRER and its friends in the North. We do not
believe this would change the unalterable purpose of the people to elect
Abraham Lincoln and stand by the Union." (5)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; North; Pennsylvania; Richmond ENQUIRER; Richmond Va.; Union

687

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 October 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

687 - L. Oct. 24; ed: 2/1 - The tide of popular feeling having turned
against Pendleton, efforts are being made to cover up his "Copperhead"
record by making the declaration that he is in favor of the Union.
"A few words of devotion for the Union will have no effect, after his
infamous career of three years, but that of adding hypocrisy... to his
other vices." (3)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Pendleton, George H. (Cincinnati); Union

688

Cleveland Morning Leader, 25 October 1864 (ed; 18 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

688 - L. Oct. 25; ed: 2/1 - In two weeks the people of these states will
decide between peace and war. Every indication signifies that war shall
continue until the armed Rebellion is crushed. The Democratic leaders
are planning on laying a trap to catch the unwary and unthinking. All
the devices of politicians at the North and Rebels at the South will be
resorted to, to influence public opinion.
"No one need be deceived by these tricks. The Chicago platform wants
a convention with a view to restoration of the Union. Stevens, Boyce,
and Johnson favor a convention between equal powers, but do not mention
restoration of the Union.
"By acknowledging independence of the South, we justify England and
France in similar recognition, sure to follow such an act on the part of
the North. We justify them in breaking the blockade, we barter away
our nationality, and we consent to a broken, dismembered Union. If we
wish to avert these evils, we must stand by the Union. The people are not
silly gudgeons thus to be caught." (18)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Boyce (delegate Chicago convention); Chicago, Ill.; England; France; Johnson, Gov. Andrew (Tenn.); New York WORLD; North; South; Stevens; Union

690

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 October 1864 (16 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

690 - L Oct. 28:4/3 - The Union meeting held last night in Brainard's
hall was a most gratifying success. James Mason, Esq., presided. Col.
Edward F. Noyes of the 39th Ohio regiment was introduced as the first
speaker. He touched upon the origin of the war, and distinctly proved .
that the war was commenced long before Lincoln became President. He
proceeded to picture the desolation which the madness of the South had
brought about. His eulogy and defense of Lincoln was greeted with the
wildest enthusiasm and applause. - - -
J. H. Rhodes, Esq., closed the meeting with a very vigorous and
eloquent speech, and made a powerful appeal to the people to rally in
their might at the coming election. The influence of this meeting will
be felt at the polls by an increase in the Union majority of from 800 . .
to 1,500. -- (16)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Brainard's hall; Lincoln, Abraham; Mason, James; Nayes," Col. Edward F.; Rhodes, J. H.; South; Union; U. S. army

694

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 November 1864 (6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

694 - L Nov. 1:2/1 - "No man can justify himself before God or before
his own conscience, for remaining an idle spectator of the great polit-
ical struggle now going on in this country. Neutrality at such time
as this is nothing but service in the lines of the enemies of the Re-
public.
"We therefore invoke every man who contemplates being an idle observer
of this contest, to revise his decision and cast his vote for Lincoln
and the Union." - (6)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; Union

696

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 November 1864 (62 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3,4,5 ~ View at ChronAm

696 - L Nov. 1:4/3-5 - Honorable Salmon P. Chase addressed an audience at
the Union meeting held in Brainard's hall last night. He was introduced
by Judge Spaulding. He began his speech by reviewing the time when he
first came to Ohio to go to school and gives credit to the schools and
freemen of Ohio for making him what he is.
He spoke of the fact that in the midst of so great a war as this we
are able to conduct a presidential election. "It fills me with gratitude
to think that I am a citizen of a republic in which so great a spectacle
is possible."
He discussed the candidates for election and reelection and also
the conditions of the Chicago platform. Of Lincoln he said: "No one
doubts that he is sincerely and earnestly in favor of the maintenance
of the Union of the States, and that he will do all he can to preserve
the Union. The intentions of the candidates, the platform and people
of the Union party are unmistakable." -
Chase then spoke at length of the opposing party and declared that
no matter what course the Democrats pursue in order to defeat the Union
and its principles, it is a settled question in the minds of the people
that Lincoln will be reelected by a greater majority than was ever
given before in a contested election, and declared that the election of
the candidates of the opposing party is utterly hopeless.
He closed with a plea that "every man, and every woman here, may
lay to heart the importance of the great issues before us, and of their
right decision; that each may consider how far these issues reach into
time, and what immense results they will influence, and that each one
may give every energy in seeing that the last voter is brought out, for
the success of our holy cause." (62)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Brainard's hall; Chase, Salmon P.; Lincoln, Abraham; Ohio; Union

701

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 November 1864 (60 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3,4,5 ~ View at ChronAm

701 - L Nov. 3:4/3-5 - The Hon. Lyman Tremain and the Hon. Samuel -
Galloway addressed a large and enthusiastic audience that met in
Brainard's hall last night. Mr. Tremain discussed the issues involved
in the present campaign. In discussing the attitude of the people to-
ward the Rebellion, he said: "The will of our people is as fixed as
the laws of the Medes and Persians; they have resolved that this nation
shall live and this accursed rebellion shall die." He contended there
can be no right of revolution under a representative government, and we
can "right all wrongs by ballot, not by bullet."
The speaker also challenged an answer to the question, "What act of
oppression has the Federal Government ever put upon the south?" He
gave the history of Calhoun's disunion projects and measures. It has
been said that the war is a failure. This was very vigorously denied
by Mr. Tremain, who said that "it has been of unparalleled success."
He closed his remarks by saying: "We must fight this war through, wipe
out slavery, and crush the Chicago platform. We have always been
compromising with slavery; we had better settle it forever by putting
it in the grave."
Samuel Galloway commenced his speech by remarking the fact that Mr.
Tremain, formerly a Democrat, and he himself once a Whig, stood on the
same platform. He showed how the Union question had fused all parties
into one. Speaking of the war, he said that every man and woman had an
equal interest in its "great and glorious issue - the humblest soldier
as well as the President." He stated that if the Rebellion goes down,
the Union will be restored, "not the old Union, but a new and glorious
Union, robed in the attributes of God and the characteristics of an en-
lightened Christianity." He dwelt upon the fact that we were fighting
for emancipation of both races - the poor whites of the South as well
as the blacks. He referred to the historical fact that the Union was
most earnestly sought by the South and had always protected slavery.
He made very elegant closing remarks, saying: "We shall soon hear
the voice of liberty echoing and re-echoing throughout the land...."
(60)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Brainard's hall; Calhoun, John; Chicago, Ill.; Galloway, Samuel (Columbus, O.); Tremain, Lyman; Union; Whig party

703

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 November 1864 (11 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

703 - L Nov. 5:4/3 - A Union meeting was held in Newburgh town hall last
night. The glee club, composed of young men and women of Newburgh
Heights, furnished music for the occasion. John G. Grannis was the main
speaker of the evening. He showed conclusively that the supporters of
the Chicago nominees were the peace men, and those in favor of surrender
to the Rebels. He said that an armistice was what the Rebels wanted.
Commenting on the emancipation proclamation, he declared it one of the
wisest acts of the administration. (11)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Grannis, John C.; Newburgh Ileights; Newburgh, O.; Union

707

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 November 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

707 - L Nov. 8; ed: 2/3 - The PLAIN DEALER announces that the torch
light procession, which was to have sent terror into the hearts of Union
men, was withdrawn because of inclement weather. "The balmy air and
light moon last night gave the lie to the excuse. The fact of the
matter is, they had torches but not enough men to carry them." (2)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; Union

708

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 November 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

708 - L Nov. 9; ed:4/3 - We spent some time in the office of the PLAIN
DEAL ER last night and witnessed a dismal scene as election returns came
in. The crowd was enthusiastic at first with expectations of McClellan's
victory, but soon they started slipping out as returns showed that the
Union party was leading. (11)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; McClellan, George B.; Union

709

Cleveland Morning Leader, 10 November 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

709 - L Nov. 10; ed:2/3 - Our triumph signified that a decided majority
of people have sworn that the Union shall be maintained, and that armed
Rebels shall have no cessation of hostilities until they lay down their
arms and return to their allegiance. The election will signify to
Europe that the republic is more powerful than ever, and is strong
enough to maintain its integrity against foreign foes, (5)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Europe; Union

712

Cleveland Morning Leader, 18 November 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

712 - L Nov. 18; ed: 2/2 - The effect of the overwhelming triumph of
the Union in the recent election has quieted the feverish hostility to
the war. It is a good thing that the majority are on the side of the
Union, and that the men who have been plotting treason have had their
plans defeated. "Let the government only use the splendid courage of
the people as it should and the rebellion will receive a most ruinous
defeat." (5)

Elections, Campaigns and Candidates / United States

Index terms:

Union

956

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 May 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

956 - L. May 28; ed:2/2 - The President directed Dayton, our minister to
France, to inform the government of France that he does not at present
contemplate any departure from the policy which this government has
pursued in regard to the war which exists between France and Mexico.
"Let us first restore the Union, and then invite Maximilian, with
charging bayonettes, if need be, to retire to Austria with his French-
men and leave Mexico alone." (9)

Foreign Relations / Border Raids / Diplomats, Appointments, Service

Index terms:

Austria; Dayton, William L. (minister to France); France; Lincoln, Abraham; Maxmi ilian the First (Mexico); Mexico; Union

1373

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 June 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.1, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1373 - L June 14; ed: 1/2 - The Chicago TIMES and Jeff Davis do not
like the platform adopted by the Baltimore convention.
"Rebels, and traitors hate Lincoln, and the Union, and that's why
the Chicago TIMES don't like the action of the Baltimore Convention."
(2)

Newspapers

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Chicago, Ill.; Chicago TIMES; Davis, Jeff; Lincoln, Abraham; Union; Union convention (Baltimore, Md.)

1399

Cleveland Morning Leader, 7 November 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1399 - L Nov. 7; ed:4/2 - The PLAIN DEALER is pleased because Mrs.
Walling, a Texas refugee, did not speak at the Union meeting. Why
gloat over her failure to speak? An ass once tried to pass as a lion
and donned a Lion's skin as a disguise; but somehow the ears worked out
to view. "The PLAIN DEALER goes in big for the Union but is afraid to
hear a Union refugee tell of her escape and experience."
Beware of the long ear, 0 neighbor." (2)

Newspapers

Index terms:

Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; Texas; Union; Walling, Mrs. (Texas)

1411

Cleveland Morning Leader, 31 December 1864 (ed; 15 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1411 - L. Dec. 31; ed: 2/1 - "We bid the old year good-bye, then, and
take to our hearts for the new year just dawning, the strong confidence
that events inspire. The sturdy phild sophy of faith in the Republic,
will strengthen us for the new year. And as we stand on the confines
of 1864 and see 1865 at hand, we trust that our people may all rejoice
in treason overthrown, in the Union restored, in universal liberty to all
men, in the peace and prosperity which must follow war, and in the con-
scious approval of Heaven." - (15)

Newspapers

Index terms:

Union

1413

Cleveland Morning Leader, 5 October 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1413 - L Oct. 5; ed: 2/1 - "Nothing is more obvious than the support
given McClellan by the English Tory Press.... If there is a newspaper
in England whose prayer for years has been that the Union might be dis-
rupted, that one is the London HERALD, an ardent champion of McClellan....
"They approve an armistice and negotiations because they know that
under Democratic rule, in case of failure to restore the Union by nego-
tiation, the war never could or would be renewed, and the independence
of the South would be secured." (6)

Newspapers

Index terms:

England; London, England; London HERALD; McClellan, George B.; South; Union

1511

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 March 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1511 - L. Mar. 24; ed:2/2 - "According to present indications there will be
four conventions within a few months.
"A convention of Union men at Baltimore, who will nominate the next
President of the United States; a convention of peace-Democrat Copperheads
at Chicago, who will nominate Wallandigham or George B. McClellan; a con-
vention of the Tammany war-Democrats, who will repudiate the whole litter
of Copperheads; and a convention at Cleveland, of fierce, uncompromising
Fremont men. These last three will not affect the decision of the Baltimore
convention, as that will represent the majority of the people both in civil
and military life." (3)

Political Parties

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Chicago, Ill.; Copperheads; Fremont, General John C.; McClellan, George B.; Union; Union convention (Baltimore, Md.); Vallandigham, Clement L.

1521

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 April 1864 (11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1521 - L Apr. 23:2/1 - The policy of the "Copperheads" seems to be to em-
barrass the government. Such questions as the advance of gold and govern-
ment loans are being howled about. They cry about the burden of taxation,
criticise our army and our generals, and denounce the employment of black
soldiers.
"Thus it is that they 'fatten on garbage. ' Thus it is that the success
of the Copperheads depends upon defeat of our armies, the ruin of our fi-
nances, the delay of the war, and the dismemberment of the Union." (11)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Copperheads; Union

1526

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 June 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1526 - L June 1; ed:2/2 - The New York NEWS says: "The Democrats are
those who believe in the sacred and iral ienable right of sovereign states
to rule themselves. War Democrats are men who utterly repudiate the sov-
ereignty of states.
"If War Democracy has nothing better to propose than this, the people of
the states will very shortly see the difference between such pitiful
hypocrisy and the good old Democracy of Jefferson and Jackson. We prefer
the Constitution as it was, with the Union as it is." (5)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Jackson, General Andrew; Jefferson, Thomas; New York city; New York NEWS, The; Union; U. S. constitution

1545

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 August 1864 (ed; 2 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1545 - L. Aug. 15; ed: 2/1 - Democrats have been trying a new Union dodge
in Ottawa county. Reports from the union indicate that a meeting was held
in Grand Haven for the purpose of forming a "People's Peace" association,
which is from beginning to end, a Democratic movement and nothing else.
The phrase, "irrespective of party," was thrown in as a mere attempt to
gull somebody; as they did with the Union movement two years ago. (2)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Grand Haven, Mich.; Ottawa, Canada; Ottawa county; Union

1546

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 August 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1546 - L Aug. 15; ed: 2/1 - The party to meet at the Democratic convention
in Chicago is composed of that portion of the Democratic party which was
for liberty and the Union when the war began. Because of party prejudices
they have become Southern sympathizers again.
Men from a class of respectable loyalty are to be brought together and
a union of conflicting elements to be achieved.
Wide differences of opinion as to candidates and principles exist and
the Democratic press urges the necessity of a union. It is feared that a
division will take place.
"We scarcely think a division probable although a union upon a candidate
or platform at Chicago will be one of the most astonishing things ever
accomplished." (11)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Union

1548

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 August 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1548 - L. Aug. 19; ed:2/2 - Democratic orators have a hobby of harping on
the war. According to them our war is wretchedly managed and defeat is ours
on every hand. While they find plenty to complain about, they never offer
any better measures, and they oppose every measure that is successfui.
"We should be glad to think the Democratic Party more sincerely for the
Union, did not facts belie such an idea. With what justice and reason can
party leaders complain about the conduct of the war, when everything necessary
for the triumphant close of the war meets their bitter hostility." (11)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Union

1551

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 August 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

1551 - L. Aug. 22; ed: 2/3 - The PLAIN DEALER says that the Democracy has
gone to Chicago to save the nation, and that the ablest and purest men
will meet there. - - - . . . - --
"We should be glad to believe the above if it were possible, but the
history and present make-up of the Democratic party is not favorable to
such a desire. We suspect the PLAIN DEALER'S standard of ability and purity
is a very inferior one, if the Copperheads that go there from the West are
the finest specimens that can be presented. Men whose course has been
calculated to delay the war and prevent restoration of the Union, are
neither very able nor very pure." - (4)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; Copperheads; Union

1561

Cleveland Morning Leader, 12 September 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1561 - L. Sept. 12; ed: 2/1 - Efforts to hold together the inconsistencies of
the peace platform have proved so absurd and so ridiculous as to meet with
the scorn of all Demºcrats who hold to a consistent policy. Never before,
in political history was there such a scheme of bulnbugging the people; the
whole affair is just a trap to catch the unthinking crowds. All intelligent
Americans who desire genuine peace will not be deceived.
"The ruptures in the Democratic party show how rotten the bonds are
which hold it together, and tell Union men that it is only necessary to
hold together to insure them triumph and a speedy return of Peace." (8)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Union

1562

Cleveland Morning Leader, 12 September 1864 (19 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.4 ~ View at ChronAm

1562 - L. Sept. 12:4/4 - A grand rally was held in the National hall
Sept. 10 by the Democrats. A small crowd of "Copperheads" attended.
"Of its soundness on all Copperhead principles there could be no doubt,
from the cheering at every argument for peace, and every sneer for the
'n****r' soldiers." The "Temperance" band was there, and being more
loyal than the crowd, played "The Star Spangled Banner" and "The Red
White and Blue."
The meeting was opened by a series of resolutions which started with
a denunciation of the present administration, and declared that their
only hope lies in a change of administration. Another resolution de-
clared that the object of the war sluould be the "Union as it was and
the constitution as it is." The resolutions were unanimously adopted.
(19)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Copperheads; National hall; "Red White and Blue, The" (song); "Star Spangled Banner" (song); Union; U. S. constitution

1566

Cleveland Morning Leader, 4 October 1864 (ed; 22 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.4 ~ View at ChronAm

1566 - L Oct. 4; ed: 2/4 - The Democratic party at the Chicago convention
seemed thoroughly paralyzed. Had the convention declared for the one-
term principle, and in a calm and dignified way arrayed itself against
Lincoln in favor of Generals Dix or Sherman, "it might have struck the
keynote of popular sympathy, and swept away every vote in the electoral
college. But lured by our despondency and confident of triumph it
followed the evil counsels of Wallandigham, Powell and Pendleton - it
declared the war a failure, and spoke for peace at any price."
McClellan's letter to acceptance, exhibits the best side of the
Democracy. It says: "The Union is the one condition of peace." If hy
peace he does not mean restoration, he means nothing at all. If he does
mean restoration, he makes the laying down of arms and the return to
allegiance its only condition. An armistice between belligerents must
be entered into by the highest authorities on either side. Not until
the leaders of the Confederacy are dethroned, inquisition crushed, and
the shackles removed from the people's limbs and lips by federal arms,
will the masses learn to see and act for themselves and return to their
old and true allegiance. (22)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Confederacy; Dix, General; Lincoln, Abraham; McClellan, George B.; Pendleton, George H. (Cincinnati); Powell; Sherman, Gen. W. T.; Union; Vallandigham, Clement L.

1571

Cleveland Morning Leader, 2 November 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1571 - L Nov. 2; ed:2/1 - There is a "Pro-Slavery" party in the North
which, under pretense of devotion to the Union, and of opposition to
the way the war is carried on, conceals what is really at the founda- -
tion of their party principles: Their desire to have slavery established
as the law of the land.
"How then can any man who loves freedom and hates slavery, be found
in sympathy with modern Democracy? It cannot be done. It is impossible."
(14)

Political Parties / Democratic

Index terms:

North; Union

1577

Cleveland Morning Leader, 18 April 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1577 - L. Apr. 18; ed:2/1 - Friends of General Fremont are to hold a
convention here May 31. People in the meantime are invited to enter upon
incessant propagandism from man to man tending to convince the people
that they must rely on themselves.
"The entire strength of the Union men must be combined in order to
insure an overwhelming defeat cf all adversaries." (10)

Political Parties / Fremontites

Index terms:

Fremont, General John C.; Union

1583

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 June 1864 (ed; 128 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2,3,4 ~ View at ChronAm

1583 - L June 1; ed:2/2-4; 4/3-5 - "Yesterday... was a great day for
politicians. It was the day in which (vide the New York WORLD and -
HERALD, the Chicago TiMES and the Cincinnati ENQUIRER), the greatest
political movement of modern times was to be set on foot, a new party
be formed, and the next President nominated - a day more fatal to
Abraham Lincoln than the Ides of March to Caesar. -- -
"The day certainly passed off with most remarkable quiet. Besides
the arrivals chronicled yesterday, but few made their appearance, and
the convention, for one so widely heralded and anxiously prepared for,
was singularly small in numbers and weak in talent."
The convention inet at eleven o'clock at Chapin's hall. "The two
thousand delegates from Missouri have not been heard from. It is sup-
posed that they stopped at Cincinnati for consultation with the proprietor -
of the ENQUIRER as to the best mode of defeating Lincoln. The two
thousand from New York were similarly missing, and the convention was
in numbers a very slim affair....
"There was also a 'most pleasant lack' of leaders in the convention.
Horace Greeley... was absent, and his absence was regretted by delegates
even more than that of the masses. B. Gratz Brown was also unaccountably
missing, and the convention felt the loss of his active and commanding
intellect. -
"From the first it was evident that there was a secret, but
irrepressible conflict between the friends of General Grant, including
most of the New York delegation and many from the Eastern States, who
were mainly of Democratic antecedents, and those of General Fremont,
composed mainly of the old abolitionists and the radical Germans,
and led by Coionel Moss, of Missouri."
E. Gilbert, president of the New York "Fremont" club, called the
convention to order and immediately nominated ex-Governor Johnston of
Pennsylvania as temporary chairman. Johnston was elected by acclama-
tion. B. H. Brooks of California and S. Wolf of Washington were
chosen secretaries. A committee on permanent organization, of ten
members, was appointed.
The number of delegates attending the convention was so small that
the committee appointed to enroll their names never made its report.
"We believe, however, that there were about one hundred and fifty dele-
gates present, of whom nearly half were from Missouri and wild for
Fremont, and ihe others mainly from New York, Pennsylvania and Illinois."
In addressing the convention, General Cochrane said, in part: "You
assemble here intending to support the army in the field, and at the
same time to organize a great civil army to fight for principles, and
to save for all generations the precious legacy obtained for us by the
sacrifices of the soldiers of the Union. The rebellion, it must be
suppressed; the Union, it must be preserved."
The nomination of Grant "was very faintly cheerei, and it was evident
that the name of the hero of Spottsylvania would pale before that of
the swordless general of New York.
"Nothing would do however, for the St. Louis Germans, who voted not
to recognize God's hand in war, but to nominate Fremont.
"General Fremont was nominated by acclamation.
"The 3,000 delegates, with whom the city was said to swarm yesterday
by the imaginative PLAIN DEALER, cheered heartily over the good work."
General Cochrane was nominated by acclamation for vice president. The
naming of the party was deferred until night when a committee, appointed
in the afternoon, reported the name of the new party to be the Radical
Democracy. Bird B. Chapman represented Ohio on the executive committee,
consisting of 15 members. (128)

Political Parties / Fremontites

Index terms:

Brooks, B. H. (California); California; Chapin's hall; Chapman, Bird B.; Chicago, Ill.; Chicago TIMES; Cincinnati, O.; Cincinnati ENQUIRER; Cleveland PLAIN DEALER; Cochrane, General George; Fremont club; Gilbert, E.; Grant, Gen. U. S.; Greeley, Horace; Illinois; Johnston; Lincoln, Abraham; Mass, Colonel (Mo.); Missouri; New York city; New York HERALD; New York WORLD; Ohio; Pennsylvania; St. Louis, Mo.; Spottsylvania, Va.; Union; Washington, D. C.; Wolf, S. (Washington, D. C.)

1584

Cleveland Morning Leader, 2 June 1864 (ed; 18 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1584 - L June 2; ed:2/1 - The "Fremont" convention held here May 31 was
given wide publicity by the Democratic press throughout the country, but
its slimness and insignificance was a surprise even to those who knew how
feeble the whole affair would be.
The authorized delegates present did not exceed 200. Of the six
or eight individuals who manipulated the convention only General Cochrane
of New York was f any national prominence. -
The state of Missouri, in which a rabid red Republicanism finds ex-
istence, virtually controlled the convention.
The object of the convention, aside from gratifying a spite toward
President Lincoln, was to affirm a more radical policy than any yet
enunciated, and to put forward a man who will carry the policy into
effect.
Mr. Foster, the special champion of radical views, was obliged to
confess in his speech Tuesday (May 29) that the Republican party holds
the same views on the subject of slavery as expressed in the Fremont
platform.
The doctrines laid down in the Fremont platform, those that are
vital, will all be substantially affirmed at Baltimore, (the Republican
convention.) Their realization will be much sooner attained by a strict
unity of the Union party, than by such a disorganizing scheme as the
one inaugurated in Cleveland.
"We have commented thus at length, not from any apprehension, ...
but from the conviction that the Copperheads... will endeavor to fan the
whole affair into importance.
"The Convention, in a word, was made up of oily politicians from
New York, impetuous, hair-brained Germans from St. Louis, several
venerable abolitionists... together with an admixture of personal friends
and parasites of Fremont, all controlled by one feeling - that of hatred
for Abraham Lincoln." - - (18)

Political Parties / Fremontites

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Cochrane, General George; Democratic press; Foster; Fremont, General John C.; Lincoln, Abraham; Missouri; New York; Republican convention (Baltimore); Republican party; St. Louis, Mo.; Union

1586

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 June 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.1, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1586 - L June 3; ed: 1/2 - The Cleveland Fremont convention was made up
of pro-slavery politicians like Cochrane, worn-out Democratic backs
like Bird Chapman, and thieving speculators like McKinstry.
They protest "love of the Union and hatred of slavery, while their
official organs, in essence as well as in appearance, are the New York
WORLD and the Chicago TIMES." (11)

Political Parties / Fremontites

Index terms:

Bird; Chapman; Chicago, Ill.; Chicago TIMES; Cochrane, General George; Fremont, General John C.; McKinstry, Sheriff; New York WORLD; Union

1593

Cleveland Morning Leader, 24 February 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1593 - L. Feb. 24; ed:2/1 - A convention for the election of our next
Union president will be held in Baltimore. "Shall we remain one and
undivided, with Abraham Lincoln for our veteran leader?" (4)

Political Parties / Union

Index terms:

Baltimore, Md.; Lincoln, Abraham; *Political Parties, 1511-1626: Democratic, 1515-1574; Fremontites, 1575- 1592; Union; Union; Union convention (Baltimore, Md.)

1617

Cleveland Morning Leader, 6 September 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1617 - L. Sept. 6; ed: 2/1 - Sherman, Grant, and Farragut need the strength
of the North to rally round them to insure the return of peace.
*** "Political, like military campaigns, have their own laws of success and
defeat, and nothing but shameful inactivity and indifference of Union men
can fail of giving the cause of the Republic great victory. Let the
Union men organize now, without delay." - - (7)

Political Parties / Union

Index terms:

Farragut, Admiral David R.; Grant, Gen. U. S.; North; Sherman, Gen. W. T.; Union

1631

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 October 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1631 - L Oct. 22; ed: 2/2 - The New York WORLD is trying hard to over-
come objections to a convention of states. It admits that state sov-
ereignty is opposed by the North but approved by the South. The WORLD
also tries to show that the same doctrines of state sovereignty has been
held at different times in history, but has repeatedly died out, its
former defenders becoming its bitterest enemies. It also says "that
if the Union can be restored this metaphysical opinion of the South
would ultimately, by reason of self interest, die out in the South."
(LEADER) "This is all a very nice bit of reasoning, but it is un-
sound in starting with the assumption that the Union could be restored
and the virtual independence of rebel States be recognized before a
convention of States was called. A convention of States predicated
upon an admission of the right of any State to secede and consequent
justification of the rebellion, never could result in restoration of
the Union except on such terms as the rebels might see fit to dictate
as conditions of their return. The recognition of the right of a State
to secede Inight be salve to Southern pride, but it would never result in
restoration of the Union." (12)

Politics and Government

Index terms:

Cleveland LEADER; Confederacy; New York; New York WORLD; North; South; Union

1640

Cleveland Morning Leader, 1 December 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1640 - L Dec. 1; ed: 2/1 - One immediate result of a Union victory in
Illinois must be the abolition of the black code of that state. Under
the existing laws, free colored men are punished by being sold as
slaves for 12 months, and persons who harbor colored freemen or slaves
are penalized heavily. "We presume this law must now be a dead letter,
but it still disgraces the State and the Legislature should immediately
repeal it. We are about to abolish slavery by amendment to the Con-
stitution, but we must also rid ourselves of the Slave spirit in the
free North." (3)

Politics and Government / Illinois

Index terms:

Illinois; North; Union

1641

Cleveland Morning Leader, 12 December 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1641 - L. Dec. 12; ed:2/2 - Signs exhibited in Kentucky promise to
place it in the list of free states before many years. Among the latest
developments is the call for the Union state convention to organize
the Union party on a stronger anti-slavery basis. The constitution of
Kentucky provides that slaves cannot be freed without their owner's
consent, or the payment of the full value of the slaves. The slave
hoiders are urged, therefore, to signify their desire for the emanci-
pation of Negroes in the coming kentucky legislature.
A clause in the constitution requiring deportation of slaves from
the state is regarded as not applying to the mode of emancipation by
consent of slave holders. -
"It is all nonsense to think of deporting all blacks to Africa; we
need them in this country as laborers. Men might as well talk about
deportation of mules and horses." (14)

Politics and Government / Kentucky

Index terms:

Kentucky; Union

1652

Cleveland Morning Leader, 16 August 1864 (ed; 3 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1652 - L. Aug. 16; ed:2/2 - Some Union citizens are very indignant . . . .
because of the Wade and Davis manifesto, and they declare that Wade
should resign his position in the U. S. Seuate.
"While frowning upon all attempts to divide the strength of the -
Union party we need not aggravate any evil by the use of savage terms.
We commend the strong Union spirit of Ravenna, but not its fervor over . . .
the Wade and Davis protest." (3)

Politics and Government / Ohio

Index terms:

Davis, Henry Winter (senator); Ravenna, Ohio; Union; U. S. Senate; Wade, Senator B. F.

1676

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 January 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.3 ~ View at ChronAm

1676 - L. Jan. 20; ed:2/3 - Davis of Kentucky is below medium height,
70 years of age, his voice is harsh, and his physical powers are fail-
ing. He is prone to similes. He professes to be a Union man in favor
of putting down the Rebellion by force of arms. "Like a political
character portrayed in one of Dickens' works, he believes in opposing
everything just for the sake of belonging to the opposition side." (4)

Politics and Government / United States

Index terms:

Copperheads; Davis, Garret (Kentucky); Dickens, Charles (author); Kentucky; Union

1677

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 January 1864 (ed; 35 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1677 - L Jan. 28; ed: 2/2, 3 - In his speech to the members of the Leg-
islature at Anrapolis, the Hon. Mortgomery Blair touched on the cause
of the Rebellion and supported the President's plan of pacification.
He said that the Democratic party of the North was seduced into coun- .
tenancing the measures of oligarchs preparatory to the war against the
Union. -
"When masters of millions of slaves have boldly proclaimed slavery
as the last basis of government, and founded it on a military despotism
they have set up, what friend of the Union can hesitate to strike
down that system?" (35)

Politics and Government / United States

Index terms:

Annapolis, Md.; Blair, Montgomery (postmaster general); Maryland; North; Union

1691

Cleveland Morning Leader, 15 August 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1691 - L. Aug. 15; ed:2/2 - It is evident that the "Copperheads" have
exulted in the distraction of the Union party due to the "protest" writ-
ten by Senator Wade and Henry Winter Davis. It is reported that they
will use it as a campaign document which will be a good weapon unless
Unionists waive criticism, and unite upon the man who can give victory
to the Union.
"The first duty of every loyal man is to sustain the Government
in crushirg the rebellion, and establishing Liberty and Union through-
out our whole domain.
If defeat and betrayal of a great cause are to be the consequence
of manifestos and protests, we cannot understand how it is consistent
with the duty of loyal men and that of keeping the Government in loyal
hands, to inflame prejudices and passions of the people and thus lose
the very cause to be gained." (8)

Politics and Government / United States

Index terms:

Copperheads; Davis, Henry Winter (senator); Union; Union party; Wade, Senator B. F.

1694

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 October 1864 (ed; 18 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1694 - L. Oct. 27; ed: 2/1 - The "artful dodger," as Pendleton is some-
times called in Congress, says he has been misrepresented and that his
views toward the Union are the same as they've always been. Records
show this to be untrue. He did not regard the war as constitutional
and did not believe it should be suppressed.
"These are his views, and if he has been misrepresented, it is by
affirming that he did not believe the war Constitutional and that he was
in favor of suppressing the rebellion. Alas! for the Dodger. It is
too late now to dodge into the Vice Presidency." (18)

Politics and Government / United States

Index terms:

Pendleton, George H. (Cincinnati); Union; U. S. Congress

1719

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 February 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

1719 - L. Feb. 11; ed: 2/1 - Thurlow Weed, editor of the Albany EVENING
JOURNAL, being fearful of irritating the people of the South in coming
years, has made a proposition to abolish the homestead law and pledge
public lands for payment of interest on our national debt which he
calculates it will be $4,000,000,000 at the close of the war.
"The plan of wise statesmanship is to make our Union all free soil,
to offer our public domain in free homesteads to the farmers of Europe
and of America." (8)

Public Lands

Index terms:

Albany EVENING JOURNAL, The; Europe; *Public Lands; South; Union; Weed, Thurlow

1778

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 August 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

1778 - L. Aug. 8; ed:2/2 - Supporters of the government protest the Presi-
dent's plan of reconstruction because they claim that reconstruction
belongs to the legislative department rather than to the executive. They
denounce the President's plan as arbitrary, ambitious, and usurping powers
that do not belong to him.
"We have no doubt that the reconstruction of Rebel states properly
belongs to Congress and not to the President, although we have regarded
him fully authorized to provide for restoration to the Union of such
States as have come under our military sway. We are in favor of Peace
and the restoration of the Union. Let the law of re-admission be de-
termined when reconstruction becomes possible and necessary." (12)

Reconstruction

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; *Reconstruction; Union; U. S. Congress

2267

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 April 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2267 - L Apr. 27; ed: 2/1 - May, June, and July are to test the strength
of the Rebellion and determine whether the Union shall triumph over the
conspirators against the life of the Republic. What is wanted is the
concentration of every available man against the stronghold of treason.
"Something should be done, but by all means, let the men of business
and property who do not go, encourage and sustain those who do." (7)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Union

2269

Cleveland Morning Leader, 4 May 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2269 - L. May 4; ed:2/1 - The people watch and pray, and all mankind specu-
lates upon the impending military struggles.
"A loss to the Rebellion, will be a great loss, possibly a loss from
which there is no recovery. A victory to the cause of 'liberty and Union'
will be attended with the most splendid results." (12)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Union

2286

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 August 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2286 - L. Aug. 13; ed:2/2 - Difficulties in the way of restoring the
Union are over if we consider many things already accomplished. The
Mississippi river is in our control; the mountain range from Pennsylvania
to northern Georgia and Alabarua is in our possession, and government
scruples about Negro soldiers overcome. These successes plus other
accomplishments by the North, make success of the Union assured if the
people have courage to complete the great work.
"If we are to prove ourselves a great people, these consideration
are calculated to give us great hope and courage." (6)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Georgia; Mississippi river; North; Pennsylvania; Union

2294

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 September 1864 (39 inches) ~ See original
p.4, col.5 ~ View at ChronAm

2294 - L Sept. 27:4/5, 6 - The grand rally of Union loving men held on …
the Public Square, Sept. 26, to celebrate the victories won by Sheridan tº
was attended by 20,000 people. Ward delegations were there in force, -
some bearing campaign mottoes. A salute was fired while the crowd was
gathering. Bonfires lighted the streets in honor of the occasion.
A beautiful display of fireworks preceded the speeches made by J. C.
Grannis, Esq., H. T. Oakley, and Dr. Robertson of Bedford. Albert T.
Slade also spoke at length, on victories the Union has won, and im-
plored the people to upho'd Union principles. The meeting was a grand
success, and its equal will not be seen here until Oct. 5. (39)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Bedford, O.; Grannis, John C.; Public Square; Robertson, Dr. (Bedford); Sheridan, Gen. Phillip; Slade, Albert T.; Union

2299

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 November 1864 (ed; 10 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2299 - L. Nov. 8; ed: 2/1 - The Rebellion is being waged by and for slave
holders. They succeeded in precipitating the Southern states into a
Rebellion from which the great middle class of the South would have
shrunk in horror. The people, non-slave holders, the middle classes of
the South, are not enemies of the Union and should seek amnesty from
the government. But the slave drivers and man stealers should be shot,
imprisoned, or exiled.
"The government should, therefore, try to create disaffection in
the ranks of the men who have no interest in the perpetuation of slav-
ery, but let the destroyer of our bravest men, Slavery, die in its
tracks." (10)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Confederate Army; South; Union

2302

Cleveland Morning Leader, 30 November 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2302 - L Nov. 30; ed: 2/1 - Nearly 40,000 Southern refugees are in New
York and many of them are enemies to the Union and will plot against the
life of the nation while enjoying the protection of our flag.
"We are glad to see that General Dix contemplates making these people
feel the pressure of military law. In this alone can any security be
found." (6)

Wars / Civil War

Index terms:

Dix, General; New York city; Union

2350

Cleveland Morning Leader, 3 February 1864 (ed; 106 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2350 - L. Feb. 3; ed: 2/2, 6 - In his Congressional speech on confiscation
of Confederate property, the Ilon. James A. Garfield declared that such
confiscation was justified by the action of the South. He said in part:
"When the government of the United States declared that we were in
a state of war, the rebel states came under the laws of war. By their
acts of rebellion they swept away every vestige of their civil and polit-
ical rights under the constitution of the United States. Their obli-
gations still remained, but the reciprocal rights which usually accompany
obligations, they had forfeited.
"The question then lies open before us: In a state of war, is this
resolution legal and politic?
"I remember to have said to a friend when I entered the army, 'You
hate slavery; so do I; but I hate disunion more. Let us drop the
slavery question and fight to sustain the Union."
"Mr. Speaker, I am surprised and amazed beyond measure at what I have
seen in this House. Having been so long with men who had but one
thought upon these great themes, it is passing strange to me to hear
men talking of the old discussions of a few years ago. They forget
that a nation sometimes may live a generation into a single year and
the experience of the last three years has been greater than that of
centuries of peace and quiet.
"If we want peace that is not a hollow peace, we must make thorough
work of this war. We must establish freedom in the midst of servitude,
and the authority of law in the midst of rebellion. We must fill the
ranks of our armies, assure them that a grateful and loving people are
behind them and they will go down against the enemy bearing with them
the majesty and might of a great nation.
"The war began by proclamation and it must end by proclamation."
Mr. Garfield's speech cuts so directly down to the heart of the whole
question of confiscation that our readers will be glad to read it. It
has been spoken of as the most effective speech made in Congress this
session." (106)

Wars / Civil War / Confiscation

Index terms:

Confederacy; *Confiscation (Civil War); Garfield, Maj. Gen. J. A.; South; Union; U. S. Congress; U. S. constitution; U. S. House of Representatives

2364

Cleveland Morning Leader, 10 February 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2364 - L. Feb. 10; ed: 2/1 - "The call of the President for new troops galls
the Copperhead ideas of justice and liberty. We would like to 'swap'
them for good Union men in the South so that they might try the mild bene-
ficent sway of Jeff Davis for a season. They could then compare the two
systems of oppression. For their special edification we print to-day an
analysis of the Rebel conscription law.... Truly the Southern people seem
destined to drink the cup of oppression to the dregs." (6)

Wars / Civil War / Enlistments and Confiscations

Index terms:

Copperheads; Davis, Jeff; Lincoln, Abraham; South; Union

2433

Cleveland Morning Leader, 27 August 1864 (ed; 14 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2433 - L. Aug. 27; ed: 2/1 - Much anxiety is felt concerning the draft to be
made Sept. 5, which will add 300,000 men to Sheriuan's and Grant's armies.
These new recruits will enable Sherman to send men to Georgia to rescue
Union prisoners and overthrow Rebel forces there.
The way for the law-abiding citizen is clear. If he cannot go, let him
send a substitute if possible. Better that sacrifices be made than that
our armies should be abandoned and the Rebellion succeed. (14)

Wars / Civil War / Enlistments and Confiscations

Index terms:

Confederate Army; Georgia; Grant, Gen. U. S.; Sherman, Gen. W. T.; Union; U. S. army

2477-1/2

Cleveland Morning Leader, 13 May 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2477-1/2 - L. May 13; ed: 2/1 - No, equal area on the continent has more
natural facilities for defense than southeastern Virginia where Lee is en-
trenched. Grant is cool, tenacious, with stubborn fierceness of purpose,
while Lee has southern temperment which throws him with fierce energy upon
his enemy. -
"The courage displayed by both armies on so many battle fields will be a
bond in the future Union. Each will regard the personal prowess of the
other more highly." - (12)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Grant, Gen. U. S.; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Union; Virginia

2488

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 June 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2488 - L June 9; ed:2/1 - The battle fought June 3 was a defeat for the
Union soldiers. Lee was too strongly fortified, and Grant withdrew. "We
have tested the enemy's strength, and felt his position. The drift of the
fighting is all in one direction, and Grant goes steadily on toward
Richmond, now the turning point of the war." - (9)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Grant, Gen. U. S.; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Union

2525

Cleveland Morning Leader, 19 December 1864 (ed; 24 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2525 - L. Dec. 19; ed: 2/1, 2 - "Never before has the war been prosecuted
with such terrible efficiency as at present, and never before have the
prospects of a sure and speedy triumph of our cause been brighter.
Within the last few days the events that have occurred point to the suc-
cess of the Union forces... the Confederacy has been literally split to
fragments. The first important event was destruction of the Weldon
railroad, which connected Richmond and Lee's army with the South.
Further south, valuable commissaries have been destroyed, together with
a million dollars worth of rebel supplies. The most brilliant of the
glorious successes is the one in which that gallant veteran, Thomas, is
still winning in front of Nashville. Five thousand prisoners have been
taken and thirty-nine pieces of artillery. Such is the inspiring cata-
logue of Union successes of the last few days. The news of the last
week shows that only a few weak garrisons are held by the rebel forces,
which will soon be in the hands cf our Union Generals." (24)

Wars / Civil War / Military Engagements and Campaigns

Index terms:

Confederacy; Lee, Gen. Robert E.; Nashville, Tenn.; Richmond Va.; South; Thomas, Gen.; Union; Union army; Weldon railroads

2565

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 February 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2565 - L. Feb. 11; ed: 2/1, 2 - Sumner's resolutions demand the restoration
of the Union on the broad and righteous basis of universal freedom.
"Such a praliation (sic) will be placing Universal Emancipation under
the sanction of the constitution, so that freedom shall be engraved on
every foot of the soil." (6)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

"Peace (Civil War); Sumner, Charles; Union

2569

Cleveland Morning Leader, 25 June 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2569 - L June 25; ed: 2/1 - However much we may disagree with the purposes
of the peace men, however untenable in practice their positions may be,
there is something in their efforts that presents a tangible point of
opposition. The issue is "Shall the war be stopped, the Union be di-
vided, our armies withdrawn, the Confederacy recognized, and slavery re-
established, or shall it be prosecuted with the power and might of a
great nation until our nationality is vindicated, and the flag is float-
ing over every foot of the republic."
LEADER:
"The people who are making all the sacrifices are not content to ac-
cept such a peace as the sniveling, cowardly, pro-slavery Copperhead of
the North would like to have. Away with such peace." (9)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Cleveland LEADER; Confederacy; North; Union

2570

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 July 1864 (ed; 13 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2570 - L July 23; ed:2/2 - Every reflecting man, be he loyal or dis-
loyal, will grow more thoughtful when he reals that two distinguished
citizens, one an officer in the Union army, have had free access to the
Rebel capital, have been kindly received by the Rebel chief, have freely: ...
conversed with him on the prospect of peace, and have returned to com-
municate to the President the results of the interview. -
Men of high standing in the Confederacy have asked for an inter-
view with our government looking forward to negotiating for peace. The
object of the negotiations may have been to influence the Chicago con-
vention, or may have been the desire of the Rebels to abandon their use-
less struggle. If Rebels will plant themselves on a Democratic plat-
form of "Free Speech, Free Labor, Free Men," the North will sustain
them. The Democratic party wants peace at any cost. -
"The 'Union and Liberty' are not to stand in the way of this achieve-
ment." (13)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Confederacy; Copperheads; Davis, Jeff; Lincoln, Abraham; North; Union; Union army

2571

Cleveland Morning Leader, 26 July 1864 (ed; 20 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2571 - L. July 26; ed: 2/1 - The conditions upon which it is possible to .
establish peace between the North and South are forming the subject of
discussion throughout the North, and we are not alarmed that the sub-
ject of peace is to be agitated. - - - - . .
Democrats seem to be willing to take issue with Lincoln and the Union
on the subject of the conditions of peace. Lincoln demands that the
Rebels shall concede the territorial irtegrity of the Union and the
abandonment of slavery which is not indispensable, but is a hot bed for . . .
future Rebellions and revolutions. People of the North realize that if
slavery is not destroyed, it will endanger the future.
"Let the people therefore be on their guard, against rebellion,
treason, and terrible wars again. There is no security except in a
Peace whose conditions are the territorial integrity of the whole Union
and the abandonment of slavery." (20)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; North; South; Union

2573

Cleveland Morning Leader, 6 July 1864 (ed; 9 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2573 - L. July 6; ed:2/2 - "We believe that the Union party of the North
is ready to restore peace to the country whenever the rebels admit they
are ready to accept two essential conditions, which are, the integrity
of the Union, and the abandonment of slavery as a security against future.
rebellion." - : - - …
Peace on such terms can be gained aſter each party has learned to re-
spect the other. The South would enter upon a new career of prosperity
such as it never cunceived.
"With Peace and Union will come many blessings, and we are for such
peace as this, but believe it only attainable through the unconditional
submission of the rebels to the two conditions named." (9)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

North; South; Union; Union party

2575

Cleveland Morning Leader, 16 August 1864 (ed; 16 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2575 - L. Aug. 16; ed: 2/1 - The Democratic party recommends an armis-
tice for at least six months. "Copperheads" claim that the Union inen
and the administration do not want peace, but desire disunion, and are
only fighting for boundary lines. This is utterly false. Those who have
supported the government with men and money, and who have fathers, sons,
and brothers in the ranks of the Union army really desire peace. Those
who have opposed the war from the first, and have stayed at home and
made money naturally oppose an armistice, though they are always whin-
ing and complaining about the cruel war and about peace.
"We therefore say, that the men and women who most need Peace are in
the Union Party. They know what war costs, and stand ready at the
earliest moment, to restore Peace, Liberty and Union to the whole -
country." (16)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Copperheads; Union; Union party

2577

Cleveland Morning Leader, 20 August 1864 (ed; 12 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2577 - I, Aug. 20; ed:2/1 - Peace is discussed on every hand, but it has
been said that the government has put obstacles in the way of restoring
peace, which will prevent the reconstruction of the Union as long as the
present administration is in power. The abandonment of slavery as
advocated by Lincoln will, it has been said, delay peace because the
Rebels do not agree that slavery should be abolished.
"It would certainly be great misfortune if the vital power of
slavery is not extinguished by the war. We have always thought that its
extinction is necessary to our future peace, and when peace comes, we
greatly prefer that peace and Union which comes from Lincoln to that -
which might come from some other source." (12)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Lincoln, Abraham; Union

2579

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 August 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2579 - L. Aug. 22; ed: 2/1 - The American people are so tired of war
that they are liable to accept terms of peace which will shift burdens
and desolations to their children. No one denies that slavery is the
source of all war woes and is prolo.jging the war. -
"With slavery in a restored Union there could be no permanent peace
with jealousies of North and South there would be constant danger of
other ruptures and finally, of war again. The only condition of a -
permanent future is the destruction of slavery." (11)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

North; South; Union

2580

Cleveland Morning Leader, 22 August 1864 (ed; 8 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2580 - L. Aug. 22; ed: 2/2 - The Democratic party wants peace to come
by an armistice and convention of the states, which means the restor-
ation of the government on Rebel terms. - - --
If "peace-at-any-price men" obtain mastery at the Chicago convention,
there will be the issue of peace or war. If peace is preferred to .
restoration of the Union, there would be no doubt that peace would come
under Democratic rule. Democrats, however, cannot expect success by
juggling and deceit, and must explain what is meant by "armistice" and
"convention." - - (8)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

Chicago, Ill.; Union; Union convention (Baltimore, Md.)

2583

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 September 1864 (ed; 4 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2583 - L. Sept. 8; ed: 2/2 - Granting of an armistice by the government
would only result in strengthening the Rebels for renewal of war.
Nothing but the most degrading self-abasement of the North will avail
to make an armistice result in peace.
"Let everyone remember that so long as there is no official declara-
tion from the rebels that they are ready to consent to the restoration
of the Union, an armistice would simply result in their independence." ---
- - (4)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

North; Union

2590

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 December 1864 (ed; 7 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2590 - L. Dec. 23; ed: 2/1 - The results of the Union successes are being . .
felt in the Rebel capital. One result is the resolution offered by McCullen
of Virginia for the appointment of commissioners to treat for peace. . . . . .
"The very fact of its resolution, by a member who has never before been … .
allied with the reconstructionists of the South, is a significant in-
dication of the increasing distrust felt by the rebel leaders in the --
success of the Rebellion." - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - (7)

Wars / Civil War / Peace

Index terms:

McCullen, (Va.); South; Union; Virginia

2602

Cleveland Morning Leader, 8 June 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.4 ~ View at ChronAm

2602 - L June 8; ed: 2/4 - The Cincinnati ENQUIRER scoffs at the stories
and pictures which have been circulated of cruel treatment received by
Union prisoners at the hands of the Rebels.
"In this sad and awful spectacle of miseries unparalleled in the
story of mankind, the ENQUIRER - devoted as ever to the slave aristo-
cracy - finds only fit matter for ridicule and ribaldry." (5)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Cincinnati, O.; Cincinnati ENQUIRER; Union

2605

Cleveland Morning Leader, 11 August 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2605 - L. Aug. 11; ed: 2/1 - The reasons why so many thousands of prisoners
are held by the Rebels and by the Union are because the authorities on
both sides cannot agree as to the number of paroled and exchanged
prisoners; also to the recognition by Rebel authorities of Negro soldiers
as prisoners of war. - -
Prisoners taken by the Rebels are treated poorly, being half starved
and lacking medical care, while prisoners taken by the North are treated
just the opposite. - -
"The duty of the government is that of retaliation, until every man. .
wearing the uniform of an American soldier is respected." (6)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Confederacy; Confederate Army; Union

2608

Cleveland Morning Leader, 9 September 1864 (ed; 17 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2608 - L Sept. 9; ed: 2/1 - The Rebel Commissioner Ould professes to be
affected by the condition of the Union soldiers held in the South, and
offers to make an exchange. But he makes no concessions on the sub-
ject of Negro soldiers.
General Butler refuses to exchange "until every man dressed in the
uniform of a United States soldier shall be recognized and treated as
a soldier, not as one to be sold into slavery.
The Rebels at present treat all colored soldiers as runaway slaves.
All officers of colored regiments, by an order from Jeff Davis which
has not yet been repealed, are delivered over to the state authorities
to be treated as criminals subject to death.
The position of Butler is sustained by every principle of national
and municipal law.
"Their sºameful abuse of our men in Georgia, over which Ould af-
fects to shed tears, has been solely for the purpose of compelling our
government to barter away its honor and its faith which it pledged to
every black man on entering the Army." (17)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Butler, General; Davis, Jeff; Georgia; Ould (Confederate commissioner); Union; U. S. army

2609

Cleveland Morning Leader, 14 November 1864 (ed; 11 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2609 - L Nov. 14; ed:2/2 - "When history with her impartial pen, re-
cites the story of these times she will chronicle the treatment which
has been bestowed upon the Union and rebel prisoners in the North and
South." -
Cnristian care has been shown to Rebel prisoners taken by the North,
but just the opposite treatment was accorded to the Union prisoners .
taken by the South. They were starved, robbed, confined in a small
crowded disinal quarters, and tortured to their graves.
"Jeff Davis cannot deny these facts. History will prove where the
guilt of cruelty lies." (11)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Confederate Army; Davis, Jeff; North; South; Union; Union army

2611

Cleveland Morning Leader, 28 November 1864 (ed; 5 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.2 ~ View at ChronAm

2611 - L Nov. 28; ed:2/2 - The report of the exchange of prisoners at
Savannah is full of "terrible interest." The barbarous cruel ties of
the Rebels toward Union soldiers are fully confirmed from independent
and indisputable sources. Ancther fact established is that the Rebel
authorities have made the Union soldiers believe that they have been
cruelly abandoned by their government. - -
"By operating upon them in this way, large numbers have been induced
to join the rebel forces in order to escape the horrors of confinement
in those hells which rebels call prisons. The return of those already
exchanged, will create deepest indignation among the people, and a just
sense of the barbarous character of the enemy with which we are fight-
ing." - - - - (5)

Wars / Civil War / Prisons and Prisoners

Index terms:

Confederacy; Savannah, Ga.; Union

2654

Cleveland Morning Leader, 23 April 1864 (ed; 6 inches) ~ See original
p.2, col.1 ~ View at ChronAm

2654 - L Apr. 23; ed:2/1 - Soldiers who are fighting for liberty and
the Union are heroes. But a soldier drunk, profane and debauched, is
neither a hero, nor has he the admiration of the people.
"Let the soldier understand that while a generous people admire his
valor, and applaud his devotion to the flag, they do not admire his dis- .
sipation, profanity, or insults, while at home on furlough." - - (6)

Wars / Civil War / Receptions and Celebrations

Index terms:

Union